Merge pull request #199 from visualfc/index

ssa: checkIndex for index/indexAddr

.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ llgo_autogen.ll
 stories*.bin
 .DS_Store
 err.log
+numpy.txt
 
 _go/
 _runtime/

.gitmodules

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-[submodule "x/llama2/llama2.c"]
-	path = x/llama2/llama2.c
+[submodule "c/llama2/llama2.c"]
+	path = c/llama2/llama2.c
 	url = https://github.com/karpathy/llama2.c.git
-[submodule "x/sqlite/sqlite"]
-	path = x/sqlite/sqlite
-	url = https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite.git

README.md

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ llgo - A Go compiler based on LLVM
 [![GoDoc](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/goplus/llgo.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo)
 [![Language](https://img.shields.io/badge/language-Go+-blue.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/gop)
 
-This is a Go compiler based on LLVM in order to better integrate Go with the C ecosystem including Python. It's a subproject of [the Go+ project](https://github.com/goplus/gop).
+LLGo is a Go compiler based on LLVM in order to better integrate Go with the C ecosystem including Python. It's a subproject of [the Go+ project](https://github.com/goplus/gop).
+
 
 ## C standard libary support
 
@@ -22,14 +23,40 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-This is a simple example of calling the C `printf` function to print `Hello world`. Here, `c.Str` is not a function for converting a Go string to a C string, but a built-in instruction supported by llgo for generating a C string constant.
+This is a simple example of calling the C `printf` function to print `Hello world`. Here, `c.Str` is not a function for converting a Go string to a C string, but a built-in instruction supported by `llgo` for generating a C string constant.
+
+The `_demo` directory contains some C standard libary related demos (it start with `_` to prevent the `go` command from compiling it):
+
+* [hello](_demo/hello/hello.go): call C `printf` to print `Hello world`
+* [concat](_demo/concat/concat.go): call C `fprintf` with `stderr`
+* [qsort](_demo/qsort/qsort.go): call C function with a callback (eg. `qsort`)
+
+To run these demos (If you haven't installed `llgo` yet, please refer to [How to install](#how-to-install)):
+
+```sh
+export LLGOROOT=`pwd`
+cd <demo-directory>  # eg. cd _demo/hello
+llgo run .
+```
 
 See [github.com/goplus/llgo/c](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/c) for more detials.
 
 
 ## Python support
 
-You can import a Python library in llgo! For example:
+You can import a Python library in LLGo!
+
+And you can import any Python library into `llgo` through a program called `llpyg` (see [Development tools](#development-tools)). The currently imported libraries include:
+
+* [sys](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/sys)
+* [os](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/os)
+* [math](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math)
+* [json](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/json)
+* [inspect](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/inspect)
+* [statistics](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/statistics)
+* [numpy](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py/numpy)
+
+Here is an example using the Python `math` library:
 
 ```go
 package main
@@ -46,12 +73,119 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-Here, We call `py.Float(2)` to create a Python floating point number 2, and pass it to Python’s `math.sqrt` to get `x`. Then use `x.Float64()` to convert the Python object to Go's `float64` type, and finally we print the value through C `printf`.
+Here, We call `py.Float(2)` to create a Python number 2, and pass it to Python’s `math.sqrt` to get `x`. Then use `x.Float64()` to convert x to Go's `float64` type, and print the value through the C `printf` function.
+
+Let's look at a slightly more complex example. For example, we use `numpy` to calculate:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/numpy"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	a := py.List(
+		py.List(1.0, 2.0, 3.0),
+		py.List(4.0, 5.0, 6.0),
+		py.List(7.0, 8.0, 9.0),
+	)
+	b := py.List(
+		py.List(9.0, 8.0, 7.0),
+		py.List(6.0, 5.0, 4.0),
+		py.List(3.0, 2.0, 1.0),
+	)
+	x := numpy.Add(a, b)
+	c.Printf(c.Str("a+b = %s\n"), x.Str().CStr())
+}
+```
+
+Here we define two 3x3 matrices a and b, add them to get x, and then print the result.
+
+The `_pydemo` directory contains some python related demos:
+
+* [callpy](_pydemo/callpy/callpy.go): call Python standard library function `math.sqrt`
+* [pi](_pydemo/pi/pi.go): print python constants `math.pi`
+* [statistics](_pydemo/statistics/statistics.go): define a python list and call `statistics.mean` to get the mean
+* [matrix](_pydemo/matrix/matrix.go): a basic `numpy` demo
+
+To run these demos, you need to set the `LLGO_LIB_PYTHON` environment variable first.
+
+If Python is in the search path for `clang` linking, then `LLGO_LIB_PYTHON` only needs to be set to the name of the Python library. For example:
+
+```sh
+export LLGO_LIB_PYTHON=python3.12
+```
+
+You can also specify the path to tell `llgo` where the Python library is located:
+
+```sh
+export LLGO_LIB_PYTHON=/foo/bar/python3.12
+```
+
+For example, `/opt/homebrew/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/libpython3.12.dylib` is a typical python library location under macOS. So we should set it like this:
+
+```sh
+export LLGO_LIB_PYTHON=/opt/homebrew/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/python3.12
+```
+
+Note that the file name must be written in a platform-independent format, using `python3.12` instead of `libpython3.12.dylib`.
+
+Then you can run the demos:
+
+```sh
+export LLGOROOT=`pwd`
+cd <demo-directory>  # eg. cd _pydemo/callpy
+llgo run .
+```
+
+See [github.com/goplus/llgo/py](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/py) for more detials.
 
 
 ## Other frequently used libraries
 
-TODO
+LLGo can easily import any libraries from the C ecosystem. Currently, this import process is still manual, but in the future, it will be automated similar to Python library imports.
+
+The currently imported libraries include:
+
+* [llama2.c](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/c/llama2)
+* [cjson](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/c/cjson)
+* [sqlite](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/c/sqlite)
+
+Here are some examples related to them:
+
+* [llama2-c](_demo/llama2-c): inference Llama 2 (It's the first llgo AI example)
+* [mkjson](c/cjson/_demo/mkjson/mkjson.go): create a json object and print it
+* [sqlitedemo](c/sqlite/_demo/sqlitedemo/demo.go): a basic sqlite demo
+
+
+## Go syntax support
+
+The priority of `llgo` feature iteration is:
+
+* Popular C/Python libraries
+* Full Go syntax
+* Go standard libraries
+* Popular Go packages
+
+Common Go syntax is already supported. Except for the following, which needs to be improved:
+
+* interface (Limited support)
+* map (Very limited support)
+* panic (Limited support)
+* recover (Not supported yet)
+* defer (Not supported yet)
+* gc (Not supported yet)
+* chan (Not supported yet)
+* goroutine (Not supported yet)
+* generics (Not supported yet)
+
+Here are some examples related to Go syntax:
+
+* [concat](_demo/concat/concat.go): define a variadic function
+* [genints](_demo/genints/genints.go): various forms of closure usage (including C function, recv.method and anonymous function)
 
 
 ## How to install
@@ -81,45 +215,25 @@ go install -v ./...
 TODO
 
 
-## Demo
+## Development tools
 
-The `_demo` directory contains our demos (it start with `_` to prevent the `go` command from compiling it):
+* [pydump](chore/_xtool/pydump): It's the first program compiled by `llgo` (NOT `go`) in a production environment. It outputs symbol information (functions, variables, and constants) from a Python library in JSON format, preparing for the generation of corresponding packages in `llgo`.
+* [llpyg](chore/llpyg): It is used to automatically convert Python libraries into Go packages that `llgo` can import. It depends on `pydump` to accomplish the task.
+* [llgen](chore/llgen): It is used to compile Go packages into LLVM IR files (*.ll).
+* [ssadump](chore/ssadump): It is a Go SSA builder and interpreter.
 
-* [hello](_demo/hello/hello.go): call C printf to print `Hello world`
-* [concat](_demo/concat/concat.go): call C fprintf with stderr, and Go variadic function
-* [qsort](_demo/qsort/qsort.go): call C function with a callback (eg. qsort)
-* [genints](_demo/genints/genints.go): various forms of closure usage (including C function, recv.method and anonymous function)
-* [llama2-c](_demo/llama2-c): inference Llama 2 (It's the first llgo AI example)
-
-And the `_pydemo` directory contains python related demos:
-
-* [callpy](_pydemo/callpy/callpy.go): call Python standard library function `math.sqrt`
-
-
-### How to run demos
-
-To run the demos in directory `_demo`:
+How do I generate these tools?
 
 ```sh
-cd <demo-directory>  # eg. cd _demo/genints
-llgo run .
+go install -v ./...  # compile all tools except pydump
+cd chore/_xtool
+llgo install ./...   # compile pydump
 ```
 
-To run the demos in directory `_pydemo`, you need to set the `LLGO_LIB_PYTHON` environment variable first. Assuming you use Python 3.12, and the `libpython3.12.so` (or `libpython3.12.dylib` or `python3.12.lib`) file is in the /foo/bar directory, then you need to set `LLGO_LIB_PYTHON` to:
+## Key modules
 
-```sh
-export LLGO_LIB_PYTHON=/foo/bar/python3.12
-```
+Below are the key modules for understanding the implementation principles of `llgo`:
 
-For example, `/opt/homebrew/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/libpython3.12.dylib` is a typical python lib location under macOS. So we should set it like this:
-
-```sh
-export LLGO_LIB_PYTHON=/opt/homebrew/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/python3.12
-```
-
-Then you can run the demos in directory `_pydemo`:
-
-```sh
-cd <demo-directory>  # eg. cd _pydemo/callpy
-llgo run .
-```
+* [llgo/ssa](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/ssa): It generates LLVM IR files (LLVM SSA) using the semantics (interfaces) of Go SSA. Although `LLVM SSA` and `Go SSA` are both IR languages, they work at completely different levels. `LLVM SSA` is closer to machine code, which abstracts different instruction sets. While `Go SSA` is closer to a high-level language. We can think of it as the instruction set of the `Go computer`. `llgo/ssa` is not just limited to the `llgo` compiler. If we view it as the high-level expressive power of `LLVM`, you'll find it very useful. Prior to `llgo/ssa`, you had to operate `LLVM` using machine code semantics. But now, with the advanced SSA form (in the semantics of Go SSA), you can conveniently utilize `LLVM`.
+* [llgo/cl](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/cl): It is the core of the llgo compiler. It converts a Go package into LLVM IR files. It depends on `llgo/ssa`.
+* [llgo/internal/build](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/build): It strings together the entire compilation process of `llgo`. It depends on `llgo/ssa` and `llgo/cl`.

_demo/llama2-c/run.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
-	"github.com/goplus/llgo/x/llama2"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/llama2"
 )
 
 func main() {

_pydemo/matrix/matrix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/numpy"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	a := py.List(
+		py.List(1.0, 2.0, 3.0),
+		py.List(4.0, 5.0, 6.0),
+		py.List(7.0, 8.0, 9.0),
+	)
+	b := py.List(
+		py.List(9.0, 8.0, 7.0),
+		py.List(6.0, 5.0, 4.0),
+		py.List(3.0, 2.0, 1.0),
+	)
+	x := numpy.Add(a, b)
+	c.Printf(c.Str("a+b = %s\n"), x.Str().CStr())
+}

_pydemo/pi/pi.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	c.Printf(c.Str("pi = %f\n"), math.Pi.Float64())
+}

_pydemo/statistics/statistics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/statistics"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	list := py.List(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 4.0)
+	mean := statistics.Mean(list)
+	c.Printf(c.Str("mean(1, 2, 3, 4, 4) = %f\n"), mean.Float64())
+}

c/c.go

@@ -28,7 +28,12 @@ type (
 	Char      = int8
 	Int       = C.int
 	Uint      = C.uint
+	Long      = int32
+	Ulong     = uint32
+	LongLong  = int64
+	UlongLong = uint64
 	Float     = float32
+	Double    = float64
 	Pointer   = unsafe.Pointer
 	FilePtr   = unsafe.Pointer
 )

c/cjson/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+LLGo wrapper of DaveGamble/cJSON
+=====
+[![Build Status](https://github.com/goplus/cjson/actions/workflows/go.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/cjson/actions/workflows/go.yml)
+[![GitHub release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/tag/goplus/cjson.svg?label=release)](https://github.com/goplus/cjson/releases)
+[![GoDoc](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/goplus/cjson.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/cjson)
+[![Compiler](https://img.shields.io/badge/compiler-llgo-darkgreen.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/llgo)
+[![Language](https://img.shields.io/badge/language-Go+-blue.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/gop)
+
+## How to install
+
+```sh
+git clone https://github.com/goplus/cjson.git
+cd cjson
+git submodule init
+git submodule update
+mkdir build.dir
+cd build.dir
+cmake ../cJSON
+sudo make install
+```
+
+## Demos
+
+The `_demo` directory contains our demos (it start with `_` to prevent the `go` command from compiling it):
+
+* [mkjson](_demo/mkjson/mkjson.go): create a json object and print it
+
+### How to run demos
+
+To run the demos in directory `_demo`:
+
+```sh
+cd <demo-directory>  # eg. cd _demo/mkjson
+llgo run .
+```

c/cjson/_demo/mkjson/mkjson.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/cjson"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	mod := cjson.Object()
+	mod.SetItem(c.Str("name"), cjson.String(c.Str("math")))
+
+	syms := cjson.Array()
+
+	fn := cjson.Object()
+	fn.SetItem(c.Str("name"), cjson.String(c.Str("sqrt")))
+	fn.SetItem(c.Str("sig"), cjson.String(c.Str("(x, /)")))
+	syms.AddItem(fn)
+
+	v := cjson.Object()
+	v.SetItem(c.Str("name"), cjson.String(c.Str("pi")))
+	syms.AddItem(v)
+
+	mod.SetItem(c.Str("items"), syms)
+
+	c.Printf(c.Str("%s\n"), mod.CStr())
+	mod.Delete()
+}

c/cjson/cjson.go

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package cjson
+
+import (
+	_ "unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+)
+
+const (
+	LLGoPackage = "link: cjson"
+)
+
+// llgo:type C
+type JSON struct {
+	Unused [0]byte
+}
+
+//go:linkname Null C.cJSON_CreateNull
+func Null() *JSON
+
+//go:linkname True C.cJSON_CreateTrue
+func True() *JSON
+
+//go:linkname False C.cJSON_CreateFalse
+func False() *JSON
+
+//go:linkname Bool C.cJSON_CreateBool
+func Bool(boolean c.Int) *JSON
+
+//go:linkname Number C.cJSON_CreateNumber
+func Number(num float64) *JSON
+
+//go:linkname String C.cJSON_CreateString
+func String(str *c.Char) *JSON
+
+//go:linkname Array C.cJSON_CreateArray
+func Array() *JSON
+
+//go:linkname Object C.cJSON_CreateObject
+func Object() *JSON
+
+// raw json
+//
+//go:linkname Raw C.cJSON_CreateRaw
+func Raw(raw *c.Char) *JSON
+
+// Create a string where valuestring references a string so
+// it will not be freed by Delete
+//
+//go:linkname StringRef C.cJSON_CreateStringReference
+func StringRef(str *c.Char) *JSON
+
+// Create an object that only references it's elements so
+// they will not be freed by Delete
+//
+//go:linkname ObjectRef C.cJSON_CreateObjectReference
+func ObjectRef(child *JSON) *JSON
+
+// Create an array that only references it's elements so
+// they will not be freed by Delete
+//
+//go:linkname ArrayRef C.cJSON_CreateArrayReference
+func ArrayRef(child *JSON) *JSON
+
+// Delete a JSON entity and all subentities.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).Delete C.cJSON_Delete
+func (o *JSON) Delete() {}
+
+// Append item to the specified array.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).AddItem C.cJSON_AddItemToArray
+func (o *JSON) AddItem(item *JSON) c.Int { return 0 }
+
+// Append item to the specified object.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).SetItem C.cJSON_AddItemToObject
+func (o *JSON) SetItem(key *c.Char, item *JSON) c.Int { return 0 }
+
+// llgo:link (*JSON).CStr C.cJSON_PrintUnformatted
+func (o *JSON) CStr() *c.Char { return nil }
+
+// Same as CStr. Provided for Go+.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).Cstr C.cJSON_PrintUnformatted
+func (o *JSON) Cstr() *c.Char { return nil }
+
+// Render a JSON entity to text for transfer/storage.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).Print C.cJSON_Print
+func (o *JSON) Print() *c.Char { return nil }
+
+// Render a JSON entity to text for transfer/storage without any formatting.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).PrintUnformatted C.cJSON_PrintUnformatted
+func (o *JSON) PrintUnformatted() *c.Char { return nil }
+
+// Render a JSON entity to text using a buffered strategy.
+//
+// prebuffer is a guess at the final size. guessing well reduces reallocation.
+//
+// fmt=0 gives unformatted, =1 gives formatted.
+//
+// llgo:link (*JSON).PrintBuffered C.cJSON_PrintBuffered
+func (o *JSON) PrintBuffered(prebuffer c.Int, fmt c.Int) *c.Char { return nil }

c/llama2/llama2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package llama2
+
+import (
+	_ "unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+)
+
+const (
+	LLGoPackage = "link"
+)
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// llgo:type C
+type TokenIndex struct {
+	Str *c.Char
+	Id  c.Int
+}
+
+// llgo:type C
+type Tokenizer struct {
+	Vocab          **c.Char
+	VocabScores    *c.Float
+	SortedVocab    *TokenIndex
+	VocabSize      c.Int
+	MaxTokenLength c.Uint
+	BytePieces     [512]uint8 // stores all single-byte strings
+}
+
+//go:linkname BuildTokenizer C.build_tokenizer
+func BuildTokenizer(t *Tokenizer, tokenizerPath *c.Char, vocabSize c.Int)
+
+//go:linkname FreeTokenizer C.free_tokenizer
+func FreeTokenizer(t *Tokenizer)
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// llgo:type C
+type Config struct {
+	Dim       c.Int // transformer dimension
+	HiddenDim c.Int // for ffn layers
+	NLayers   c.Int // number of layers
+	NHeads    c.Int // number of query heads
+	NKVHeads  c.Int // number of key/value heads (can be < query heads because of multiquery)
+	VocabSize c.Int // vocabulary size, usually 256 (byte-level)
+	SeqLen    c.Int // max sequence length
+}
+
+// llgo:type C
+type TransformerWeights struct {
+	// token embedding table
+	TokenEmbeddingTable *c.Float // (vocab_size, dim)
+	// weights for rmsnorms
+	RmsAttWeight *c.Float // (layer, dim) rmsnorm weights
+	RmsFfnWeight *c.Float // (layer, dim)
+	// weights for matmuls. note dim == n_heads * head_size
+	Wq *c.Float // (layer, dim, n_heads * head_size)
+	Wk *c.Float // (layer, dim, n_kv_heads * head_size)
+	Wv *c.Float // (layer, dim, n_kv_heads * head_size)
+	Wo *c.Float // (layer, n_heads * head_size, dim)
+	// weights for ffn
+	W1 *c.Float // (layer, hidden_dim, dim)
+	W2 *c.Float // (layer, dim, hidden_dim)
+	W3 *c.Float // (layer, hidden_dim, dim)
+	// final rmsnorm
+	RmsFinalWeight *c.Float // (dim,)
+	// (optional) classifier weights for the logits, on the last layer
+	Wcls *c.Float
+}
+
+// llgo:type C
+type RunState struct {
+	// current wave of activations
+	X      *c.Float // activation at current time stamp (dim,)
+	Xb     *c.Float // same, but inside a residual branch (dim,)
+	Xb2    *c.Float // an additional buffer just for convenience (dim,)
+	Hb     *c.Float // buffer for hidden dimension in the ffn (hidden_dim,)
+	Hb2    *c.Float // buffer for hidden dimension in the ffn (hidden_dim,)
+	Q      *c.Float // query (dim,)
+	K      *c.Float // key (dim,)
+	V      *c.Float // value (dim,)
+	Att    *c.Float // buffer for scores/attention values (n_heads, seq_len)
+	Logits *c.Float // output logits
+	// kv cache
+	KeyCache   *c.Float // (layer, seq_len, dim)
+	ValueCache *c.Float // (layer, seq_len, dim)
+}
+
+// llgo:type C
+type Transformer struct {
+	Config  Config             // the hyperparameters of the architecture (the blueprint)
+	Weights TransformerWeights // the weights of the model
+	State   RunState           // buffers for the "wave" of activations in the forward pass
+
+	// some more state needed to properly clean up the memory mapping (sigh)
+	Fd       c.Int    // file descriptor for memory mapping
+	Data     *c.Float // memory mapped data pointer
+	FileSize uintptr  // size of the checkpoint file in bytes
+}
+
+//go:linkname BuildTransformer C.build_transformer
+func BuildTransformer(t *Transformer, checkpointPath *c.Char)
+
+//go:linkname FreeTransformer C.free_transformer
+func FreeTransformer(t *Transformer)
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// llgo:type C
+type ProbIndex struct {
+	Prob  c.Float
+	Index c.Int
+} // struct used when sorting probabilities during top-p sampling
+
+// llgo:type C
+type Sampler struct {
+	VocabSize   c.Int
+	Probindex   *ProbIndex // buffer used in top-p sampling
+	Temperature c.Float
+	Topp        c.Float
+	RngState    uint64
+}
+
+//go:linkname BuildSampler C.build_sampler
+func BuildSampler(sampler *Sampler, vocabSize c.Int, temperature c.Float, topp c.Float, rngSeed uint64)
+
+//go:linkname FreeSampler C.free_sampler
+func FreeSampler(sampler *Sampler)
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+//go:linkname Generate C.generate
+func Generate(
+	transformer *Transformer, tokenizer *Tokenizer, sampler *Sampler,
+	prompt *c.Char, steps c.Int)
+
+//go:linkname Chat C.chat
+func Chat(
+	transformer *Transformer, tokenizer *Tokenizer, sampler *Sampler,
+	cliUserPrompt *c.Char, cliSystemPrompt *c.Char, steps c.Int)
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

c/llama2/llgo.cfg

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
     "cl": [
         "clang -emit-llvm -S -o llgo_autogen.ll -c llama2/run.c",
-        "zip llgo_autogen.lla llgo_autogen.ll"
+        "rm llgo_autogen.lla; zip llgo_autogen.lla llgo_autogen.ll"
     ]
 }

c/sqlite/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+LLGo wrapper of sqlite
+=====
+[![Build Status](https://github.com/goplus/sqlite/actions/workflows/go.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/sqlite/actions/workflows/go.yml)
+[![GitHub release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/tag/goplus/sqlite.svg?label=release)](https://github.com/goplus/sqlite/releases)
+[![GoDoc](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/goplus/sqlite.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/goplus/sqlite)
+[![Compiler](https://img.shields.io/badge/compiler-llgo-darkgreen.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/llgo)
+[![Language](https://img.shields.io/badge/language-Go+-blue.svg)](https://github.com/goplus/gop)
+
+## How to install
+
+```sh
+git clone https://github.com/goplus/sqlite.git
+cd sqlite
+git submodule init
+git submodule update
+mkdir build.dir
+cd build.dir
+../sqlite/configure --enable-shared
+sudo make install
+```
+
+## Demos
+
+The `_demo` directory contains our demos (it start with `_` to prevent the `go` command from compiling it):
+
+* [sqlitedemo](_demo/sqlitedemo/demo.go): a basic sqlite demo
+
+### How to run demos
+
+To run the demos in directory `_demo`:
+
+```sh
+cd <demo-directory>  # eg. cd _demo/sqlitedemo
+llgo run .
+```

c/sqlite/_demo/sqlitedemo/demo.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
-	"github.com/goplus/llgo/x/sqlite"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/sqlite"
 )
 
 func main() {

c/sqlite/sqlite.go

@@ -22,27 +22,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
 )
 
-type (
-	Char    = c.Char
-	Int     = c.Int
-	Pointer = c.Pointer
-)
-
 const (
-	LLGoPackage = "link"
+	LLGoPackage = "link: sqlite3"
 )
 
 // llgo:type C
 type Sqlite3 struct {
+	Unused [8]byte
 }
 
 // llgo:type C
 type Stmt struct {
+	Unused [8]byte
 }
 
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-type Errno Int
+type Errno c.Int
 
 const (
 	OK Errno = 0 // Successful result
@@ -81,10 +77,10 @@ const (
 )
 
 // llgo:link (Errno).Errstr C.sqlite3_errstr
-func (err Errno) Errstr() *Char { return nil }
+func (err Errno) Errstr() *c.Char { return nil }
 
 // llgo:link (*Sqlite3).Errmsg C.sqlite3_errmsg
-func (db *Sqlite3) Errmsg() *Char { return nil }
+func (db *Sqlite3) Errmsg() *c.Char { return nil }
 
 // llgo:link (*Sqlite3).Errcode C.sqlite3_errcode
 func (db *Sqlite3) Errcode() Errno { return 0 }
@@ -95,13 +91,13 @@ func (db *Sqlite3) ExtendedErrcode() Errno { return 0 }
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 //go:linkname doOpen C.sqlite3_open
-func doOpen(filename *Char, ppDb **Sqlite3) Errno
+func doOpen(filename *c.Char, ppDb **Sqlite3) Errno
 
 //go:linkname doOpenV2 C.sqlite3_open_v2
-func doOpenV2(filename *Char, ppDb **Sqlite3, flags OpenFlags, zVfs *Char) Errno
+func doOpenV2(filename *c.Char, ppDb **Sqlite3, flags OpenFlags, zVfs *c.Char) Errno
 
 // OpenFlags represents SQLite open flags.
-type OpenFlags Int
+type OpenFlags c.Int
 
 const (
 	OpenReadOnly      OpenFlags = 0x00000001
@@ -130,7 +126,7 @@ const (
 
 // Opening A New Database Connection
 // filename: Database filename (UTF-8)
-func Open(filename *Char) (db *Sqlite3, err Errno) {
+func Open(filename *c.Char) (db *Sqlite3, err Errno) {
 	err = doOpen(filename, &db)
 	return
 }
@@ -138,7 +134,7 @@ func Open(filename *Char) (db *Sqlite3, err Errno) {
 // Opening A New Database Connection
 // filename: Database filename (UTF-8)
 // zVfs: Name of VFS module to use
-func OpenV2(filename *Char, flags OpenFlags, zVfs *Char) (db *Sqlite3, err Errno) {
+func OpenV2(filename *c.Char, flags OpenFlags, zVfs *c.Char) (db *Sqlite3, err Errno) {
 	err = doOpenV2(filename, &db, flags, zVfs)
 	return
 }
@@ -156,22 +152,22 @@ func (db *Sqlite3) CloseV2() Errno { return 0 }
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // llgo:link (*Sqlite3).doPrepare C.sqlite3_prepare
-func (*Sqlite3) doPrepare(*Char, Int, **Stmt, **Char) Errno {
+func (*Sqlite3) doPrepare(*c.Char, c.Int, **Stmt, **c.Char) Errno {
 	return 0
 }
 
 // llgo:link (*Sqlite3).doPrepareV2 C.sqlite3_prepare_v2
-func (*Sqlite3) doPrepareV2(*Char, Int, **Stmt, **Char) Errno {
+func (*Sqlite3) doPrepareV2(*c.Char, c.Int, **Stmt, **c.Char) Errno {
 	return 0
 }
 
 // llgo:link (*Sqlite3).doPrepareV3 C.sqlite3_prepare_v3
-func (*Sqlite3) doPrepareV3(*Char, Int, PrepareFlags, **Stmt, **Char) Errno {
+func (*Sqlite3) doPrepareV3(*c.Char, c.Int, PrepareFlags, **Stmt, **c.Char) Errno {
 	return 0
 }
 
 // PrepareFlags represents SQLite prepare flags.
-type PrepareFlags Int
+type PrepareFlags c.Int
 
 const (
 	PreparePersistent PrepareFlags = 0x01
@@ -181,17 +177,17 @@ const (
 
 // Compiling An SQL Statement
 // tail: Pointer to unused portion of sql
-func (db *Sqlite3) Prepare(sql string, tail **Char) (stmt *Stmt, err Errno) {
+func (db *Sqlite3) Prepare(sql string, tail **c.Char) (stmt *Stmt, err Errno) {
 	err = db.doPrepare(c.GoStringData(sql), c.Int(len(sql)), &stmt, tail)
 	return
 }
 
-func (db *Sqlite3) PrepareV2(sql string, tail **Char) (stmt *Stmt, err Errno) {
+func (db *Sqlite3) PrepareV2(sql string, tail **c.Char) (stmt *Stmt, err Errno) {
 	err = db.doPrepareV2(c.GoStringData(sql), c.Int(len(sql)), &stmt, tail)
 	return
 }
 
-func (db *Sqlite3) PrepareV3(sql string, flags PrepareFlags, tail **Char) (stmt *Stmt, err Errno) {
+func (db *Sqlite3) PrepareV3(sql string, flags PrepareFlags, tail **c.Char) (stmt *Stmt, err Errno) {
 	err = db.doPrepareV3(c.GoStringData(sql), c.Int(len(sql)), flags, &stmt, tail)
 	return
 }
@@ -204,10 +200,10 @@ func (stmt *Stmt) Close() Errno { return 0 }
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).BindInt C.sqlite3_bind_int
-func (*Stmt) BindInt(idx Int, val Int) Errno { return 0 }
+func (*Stmt) BindInt(idx c.Int, val c.Int) Errno { return 0 }
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).BindInt64 C.sqlite3_bind_int64
-func (*Stmt) BindInt64(idx Int, val int64) Errno { return 0 }
+func (*Stmt) BindInt64(idx c.Int, val int64) Errno { return 0 }
 
 /*
 const (
@@ -217,7 +213,9 @@ const (
 */
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).BindText C.sqlite3_bind_text
-func (*Stmt) BindText(idx Int, val *Char, nByte Int, destructor func(Pointer)) Errno { return 0 }
+func (*Stmt) BindText(idx c.Int, val *c.Char, nByte c.Int, destructor func(c.Pointer)) Errno {
+	return 0
+}
 
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -236,19 +234,19 @@ func (*Stmt) Step() Errno { return 0 }
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).ColumnCount C.sqlite3_column_count
-func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnCount() Int { return 0 }
+func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnCount() c.Int { return 0 }
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).ColumnName C.sqlite3_column_name
-func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnName(idx Int) *Char { return nil }
+func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnName(idx c.Int) *c.Char { return nil }
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).ColumnInt C.sqlite3_column_int
-func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnInt(idx Int) Int { return 0 }
+func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnInt(idx c.Int) c.Int { return 0 }
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).ColumnInt64 C.sqlite3_column_int64
-func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnInt64(idx Int) int64 { return 0 }
+func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnInt64(idx c.Int) int64 { return 0 }
 
 // llgo:link (*Stmt).ColumnText C.sqlite3_column_text
-func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnText(idx Int) *Char { return nil }
+func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnText(idx c.Int) *c.Char { return nil }
 
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -256,8 +254,8 @@ func (stmt *Stmt) ColumnText(idx Int) *Char { return nil }
 //
 // llgo:link (*Sqlite3).Exec C.sqlite3_exec
 func (*Sqlite3) Exec(
-	sql *Char, callback func(arg Pointer, resultCols Int, colVals, colNames **Char) Int,
-	arg Pointer, errmsg **Char) Errno {
+	sql *c.Char, callback func(arg c.Pointer, resultCols c.Int, colVals, colNames **c.Char) c.Int,
+	arg c.Pointer, errmsg **c.Char) Errno {
 	return 0
 }
 

chore/_xtool/pydump/pydump.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/cjson"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/inspect"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	if c.Argc < 2 {
+		c.Fprintf(c.Stderr, c.Str("Usage: pydump <pythonLibPath>\n"))
+		return
+	}
+	pyLib := c.Index(c.Argv, 1)
+
+	py.Initialize()
+
+	root := cjson.Object()
+	root.SetItem(c.Str("name"), cjson.String(pyLib))
+
+	items := cjson.Array()
+	mod := py.ImportModule(pyLib)
+	keys := mod.ModuleGetDict().DictKeys()
+	for i, n := uintptr(0), keys.ListLen(); i < n; i++ {
+		key := keys.ListItem(i)
+		val := mod.GetAttr(key)
+		doc := val.GetAttrString(c.Str("__doc__"))
+		sym := cjson.Object()
+		sym.SetItem(c.Str("type"), cjson.String(val.Type().TypeName().CStr()))
+		sym.SetItem(c.Str("name"), cjson.String(key.CStr()))
+		if doc != nil {
+			sym.SetItem(c.Str("doc"), cjson.String(doc.CStr()))
+		}
+		if val.Callable() != 0 {
+			sig := inspect.Signature(val)
+			sym.SetItem(c.Str("sig"), cjson.String(sig.Str().CStr()))
+		}
+		items.AddItem(sym)
+	}
+	root.SetItem(c.Str("items"), items)
+
+	c.Printf(c.Str("%s\n"), root.CStr())
+}

chore/llpyg/llpyg.go

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"go/ast"
+	"go/token"
+	"go/types"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/gogen"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/chore/llpyg/pysig"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/ssa"
+)
+
+type symbol struct {
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+	Doc  string `json:"doc"`
+	Sig  string `json:"sig"`
+	URL  string `json:"url"`
+}
+
+type module struct {
+	Name  string    `json:"name"`
+	Items []*symbol `json:"items"`
+}
+
+func pydump(pyLib string) (mod module) {
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	cmd := exec.Command("pydump", pyLib)
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	cmd.Run()
+
+	json.Unmarshal(out.Bytes(), &mod)
+	return
+}
+
+func pysigfetch(pyLib string, names []string) (mod module) {
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	cmd := exec.Command("pysigfetch", pyLib, "-")
+	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader(strings.Join(names, " "))
+	cmd.Stdout = &out
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	cmd.Run()
+
+	json.Unmarshal(out.Bytes(), &mod)
+	return
+}
+
+func main() {
+	if len(os.Args) < 2 {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Usage: llpyg <pythonLibPath>")
+		return
+	}
+	pyLib := os.Args[1]
+
+	mod := pydump(pyLib)
+	if mod.Name != pyLib {
+		log.Printf("import module %s failed\n", pyLib)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	pkg := gogen.NewPackage("", pyLib, nil)
+	pkg.Import("unsafe").MarkForceUsed(pkg)       // import _ "unsafe"
+	py := pkg.Import("github.com/goplus/llgo/py") // import "github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+
+	f := func(cb *gogen.CodeBuilder) int {
+		cb.Val("py." + mod.Name)
+		return 1
+	}
+	defs := pkg.NewConstDefs(pkg.Types.Scope())
+	defs.New(f, 0, 0, nil, "LLGoPackage")
+
+	obj := py.Ref("Object").(*types.TypeName).Type().(*types.Named)
+	objPtr := types.NewPointer(obj)
+	ret := types.NewTuple(pkg.NewParam(0, "", objPtr))
+
+	ctx := &context{pkg, obj, objPtr, ret, nil, py}
+	ctx.genMod(pkg, &mod)
+	skips := ctx.skips
+	if n := len(skips); n > 0 {
+		log.Printf("==> There are %d signatures not found, fetch from doc site\n", n)
+		mod = pysigfetch(pyLib, skips)
+		ctx.skips = skips[:0]
+		ctx.genMod(pkg, &mod)
+		if len(mod.Items) > 0 {
+			skips = ctx.skips
+		}
+		if n := len(skips); n > 0 {
+			log.Printf("==> Skip %d symbols:\n%v\n", n, skips)
+		}
+	}
+
+	pkg.WriteTo(os.Stdout)
+}
+
+type context struct {
+	pkg    *gogen.Package
+	obj    *types.Named
+	objPtr *types.Pointer
+	ret    *types.Tuple
+	skips  []string
+	py     gogen.PkgRef
+}
+
+func (ctx *context) genMod(pkg *gogen.Package, mod *module) {
+	for _, sym := range mod.Items {
+		switch sym.Type {
+		case "builtin_function_or_method", "function", "ufunc", "method-wrapper":
+			ctx.genFunc(pkg, sym)
+		case "str", "float", "bool", "type", "dict", "tuple", "list", "object", "module",
+			"int", "set", "frozenset", "flags", "bool_", "pybind11_type", "layout",
+			"memory_format", "qscheme", "dtype", "tensortype": // skip
+		case "": // pysigfetch: page not found
+			ctx.skips = append(ctx.skips, sym.Name)
+		default:
+			t := sym.Type
+			if len(t) > 0 && (t[0] >= 'a' && t[0] <= 'z') && !strings.HasSuffix(t, "_info") {
+				log.Panicln("unsupport type:", sym.Type)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (ctx *context) genFunc(pkg *gogen.Package, sym *symbol) {
+	name, symSig := sym.Name, sym.Sig
+	if len(name) == 0 || name[0] == '_' {
+		return
+	}
+	if symSig == "<NULL>" {
+		ctx.skips = append(ctx.skips, name)
+		return
+	}
+	params, variadic := ctx.genParams(pkg, symSig)
+	name = genName(name, -1)
+	sig := types.NewSignatureType(nil, nil, nil, params, ctx.ret, variadic)
+	fn := pkg.NewFuncDecl(token.NoPos, name, sig)
+	list := ctx.genDoc(sym.Doc)
+	if sym.URL != "" {
+		if len(list) > 0 {
+			list = append(list, emptyCommentLine)
+		}
+		list = append(list, genSee(sym.URL))
+	}
+	if len(list) > 0 {
+		list = append(list, emptyCommentLine)
+	}
+	list = append(list, ctx.genLinkname(name, sym))
+	fn.SetComments(pkg, &ast.CommentGroup{List: list})
+	// fn.BodyStart(pkg).End()
+}
+
+func (ctx *context) genParams(pkg *gogen.Package, sig string) (*types.Tuple, bool) {
+	args := pysig.Parse(sig)
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	n := len(args)
+	objPtr := ctx.objPtr
+	list := make([]*types.Var, 0, n)
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		name := args[i].Name
+		if name == "/" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if name == "*" || name == "\\*" {
+			break
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(name, "*") {
+			if name[1] != '*' {
+				list = append(list, ssa.VArg())
+				return types.NewTuple(list...), true
+			}
+			return types.NewTuple(list...), false
+		}
+		list = append(list, pkg.NewParam(0, genName(name, 0), objPtr))
+	}
+	return types.NewTuple(list...), false
+}
+
+func genName(name string, idxDontTitle int) string {
+	parts := strings.Split(name, "_")
+	for i, part := range parts {
+		if i != idxDontTitle && part != "" {
+			if c := part[0]; c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' {
+				part = string(c+'A'-'a') + part[1:]
+			}
+			parts[i] = part
+		}
+	}
+	name = strings.Join(parts, "")
+	switch name {
+	case "default", "func", "var", "":
+		name += "_"
+	}
+	return name
+}
+
+func (ctx *context) genLinkname(name string, sym *symbol) *ast.Comment {
+	return &ast.Comment{Text: "//go:linkname " + name + " py." + sym.Name}
+}
+
+func (ctx *context) genDoc(doc string) []*ast.Comment {
+	if doc == "" {
+		return make([]*ast.Comment, 0, 4)
+	}
+	lines := strings.Split(doc, "\n")
+	list := make([]*ast.Comment, len(lines), len(lines)+4)
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		list[i] = &ast.Comment{Text: "// " + line}
+	}
+	return list
+}
+
+func genSee(url string) *ast.Comment {
+	return &ast.Comment{Text: "// See " + url}
+}
+
+var (
+	emptyCommentLine = &ast.Comment{Text: "//"}
+)

chore/llpyg/pysig/parse.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package pysig
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type Arg struct {
+	Name   string
+	Type   string
+	DefVal string
+}
+
+// Parse parses a Python function signature.
+func Parse(sig string) (args []*Arg) {
+	sig = strings.TrimPrefix(sig, "(")
+	for {
+		pos := strings.IndexAny(sig, ",:=)")
+		if pos <= 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		arg := &Arg{Name: strings.TrimSpace(sig[:pos])}
+		args = append(args, arg)
+		c := sig[pos]
+		sig = sig[pos+1:]
+		switch c {
+		case ',':
+			continue
+		case ':':
+			arg.Type, sig = parseType(sig)
+			if strings.HasPrefix(sig, "=") {
+				arg.DefVal, sig = parseDefVal(sig[1:])
+			}
+		case '=':
+			arg.DefVal, sig = parseDefVal(sig)
+		case ')':
+			return
+		}
+		sig = strings.TrimPrefix(sig, ",")
+	}
+}
+
+const (
+	allSpecials = "([<'\""
+)
+
+var pairStops = map[byte]string{
+	'(':  ")" + allSpecials,
+	'[':  "]" + allSpecials,
+	'<':  ">" + allSpecials,
+	'\'': "'" + allSpecials,
+	'"':  "\"",
+}
+
+func parseText(sig string, stops string) (left string) {
+	for {
+		pos := strings.IndexAny(sig, stops)
+		if pos < 0 {
+			return sig
+		}
+		if c := sig[pos]; c != stops[0] {
+			if pstop, ok := pairStops[c]; ok {
+				sig = strings.TrimPrefix(parseText(sig[pos+1:], pstop), pstop[:1])
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		return sig[pos:]
+	}
+}
+
+// stops: "=,)"
+func parseType(sig string) (string, string) {
+	left := parseText(sig, "=,)"+allSpecials)
+	return resultOf(sig, left), left
+}
+
+// stops: ",)"
+func parseDefVal(sig string) (string, string) {
+	left := parseText(sig, ",)"+allSpecials)
+	return resultOf(sig, left), left
+}
+
+func resultOf(sig, left string) string {
+	return strings.TrimSpace(sig[:len(sig)-len(left)])
+}

chore/llpyg/pysig/parse_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package pysig
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	type testCase struct {
+		sig  string
+		args []*Arg
+	}
+	cases := []testCase{
+		{"(start=None, *, unit: 'str | None' = None) -> 'TimedeltaIndex'", []*Arg{
+			{Name: "start", DefVal: "None"},
+			{Name: "*"},
+			{Name: "unit", Type: "'str | None'", DefVal: "None"},
+		}},
+		{"()", nil},
+		{"(a =", []*Arg{{Name: "a"}}},
+		{"(a) -> int", []*Arg{{Name: "a"}}},
+		{"(a: int)", []*Arg{{Name: "a", Type: "int"}}},
+		{"(a: int = 1, b: float)", []*Arg{{Name: "a", Type: "int", DefVal: "1"}, {Name: "b", Type: "float"}}},
+		{"(a = <1>, b = 2.0)", []*Arg{{Name: "a", DefVal: "<1>"}, {Name: "b", DefVal: "2.0"}}},
+		{"(a: 'Suffixes' = ('_x', '_y'))", []*Arg{{Name: "a", Type: "'Suffixes'", DefVal: "('_x', '_y')"}}},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		args := Parse(c.sig)
+		if len(args) != len(c.args) {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: len(args) = %v, want %v", c.sig, len(args), len(c.args))
+		}
+		for i, arg := range args {
+			want := c.args[i]
+			if arg.Name != want.Name || arg.Type != want.Type || arg.DefVal != want.DefVal {
+				t.Fatalf("%s: args[%v] = %v, want %v", c.sig, i, arg, want)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

cl/_testdata/fncall/out.ll

@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call i64 @main.max(i64 1, i64 2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 define i64 @main.max(i64 %0, i64 %1) {

cl/_testdata/importpkg/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.hello = global ptr null
+@main.hello = global [7 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/cl/internal/stdio.Max"(i64 2, i64 100)
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @main.hello)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/cl/internal/stdio.init"()

cl/_testdata/method/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call i64 @"(main.T).Add"(i64 1, i64 2)
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @main.format, i64 %2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testdata/print/out.ll

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ _llgo_0:
 
 define void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0) {
 _llgo_0:
-  %1 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
+  %1 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 1
   %2 = icmp eq i64 %1, 0
   br i1 %2, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3, %_llgo_1,
   store %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %74, ptr %72, align 8
   %75 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %26, i64 16, i64 16, i64 0, i64 16, i64 16)
   call void @main.println(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %75)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
   br i1 true, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ _llgo_15:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_13
   br i1 %40, label %_llgo_16, label %_llgo_17
 
 _llgo_16:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_15
-  %41 = sext i8 %39 to i64
+  %41 = zext i8 %39 to i64
   call void @main.printuint(i64 %41)
   br label %_llgo_1
 
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ _llgo_17:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_15
   br i1 %46, label %_llgo_18, label %_llgo_19
 
 _llgo_18:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_17
-  %47 = sext i16 %45 to i64
+  %47 = zext i16 %45 to i64
   call void @main.printuint(i64 %47)
   br label %_llgo_1
 
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ _llgo_19:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_17
   br i1 %52, label %_llgo_20, label %_llgo_21
 
 _llgo_20:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_19
-  %53 = sext i32 %51 to i64
+  %53 = zext i32 %51 to i64
   call void @main.printuint(i64 %53)
   br label %_llgo_1
 
@@ -555,64 +555,66 @@ _llgo_24:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_22
   br label %_llgo_12
 
 _llgo_25:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_27
-  %43 = fptosi double %59 to i64
-  %44 = add i64 %60, 2
+  %43 = fptosi double %60 to i64
+  %44 = add i64 %61, 2
   %45 = add i64 %43, 48
   %46 = trunc i64 %45 to i8
-  %47 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 %44
-  store i8 %46, ptr %47, align 1
-  %48 = sitofp i64 %43 to double
-  %49 = fsub double %59, %48
-  %50 = fmul double %49, 1.000000e+01
-  %51 = add i64 %60, 1
+  %47 = icmp slt i64 %44, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %47)
+  %48 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 %44
+  store i8 %46, ptr %48, align 1
+  %49 = sitofp i64 %43 to double
+  %50 = fsub double %60, %49
+  %51 = fmul double %50, 1.000000e+01
+  %52 = add i64 %61, 1
   br label %_llgo_27
 
 _llgo_26:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_27
-  %52 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 2
-  %53 = load i8, ptr %52, align 1
-  %54 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 1
-  store i8 %53, ptr %54, align 1
-  %55 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 2
-  store i8 46, ptr %55, align 1
-  %56 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 9
-  store i8 101, ptr %56, align 1
-  %57 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 10
-  store i8 43, ptr %57, align 1
-  %58 = icmp slt i64 %19, 0
-  br i1 %58, label %_llgo_28, label %_llgo_29
+  %53 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 2
+  %54 = load i8, ptr %53, align 1
+  %55 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 1
+  store i8 %54, ptr %55, align 1
+  %56 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 2
+  store i8 46, ptr %56, align 1
+  %57 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 9
+  store i8 101, ptr %57, align 1
+  %58 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 10
+  store i8 43, ptr %58, align 1
+  %59 = icmp slt i64 %19, 0
+  br i1 %59, label %_llgo_28, label %_llgo_29
 
 _llgo_27:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_25, %_llgo_12
-  %59 = phi double [ %18, %_llgo_12 ], [ %50, %_llgo_25 ]
-  %60 = phi i64 [ 0, %_llgo_12 ], [ %51, %_llgo_25 ]
-  %61 = icmp slt i64 %60, 7
-  br i1 %61, label %_llgo_25, label %_llgo_26
+  %60 = phi double [ %18, %_llgo_12 ], [ %51, %_llgo_25 ]
+  %61 = phi i64 [ 0, %_llgo_12 ], [ %52, %_llgo_25 ]
+  %62 = icmp slt i64 %61, 7
+  br i1 %62, label %_llgo_25, label %_llgo_26
 
 _llgo_28:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_26
-  %62 = sub i64 0, %19
-  %63 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 10
-  store i8 45, ptr %63, align 1
+  %63 = sub i64 0, %19
+  %64 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 10
+  store i8 45, ptr %64, align 1
   br label %_llgo_29
 
 _llgo_29:                                         ; preds = %_llgo_28, %_llgo_26
-  %64 = phi i64 [ %19, %_llgo_26 ], [ %62, %_llgo_28 ]
-  %65 = sdiv i64 %64, 100
-  %66 = trunc i64 %65 to i8
-  %67 = add i8 %66, 48
-  %68 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 11
-  store i8 %67, ptr %68, align 1
-  %69 = sdiv i64 %64, 10
-  %70 = trunc i64 %69 to i8
-  %71 = urem i8 %70, 10
-  %72 = add i8 %71, 48
-  %73 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 12
-  store i8 %72, ptr %73, align 1
-  %74 = srem i64 %64, 10
-  %75 = trunc i64 %74 to i8
-  %76 = add i8 %75, 48
-  %77 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 13
-  store i8 %76, ptr %77, align 1
-  %78 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %11, i64 1, i64 14, i64 0, i64 14, i64 14)
-  call void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %78)
+  %65 = phi i64 [ %19, %_llgo_26 ], [ %63, %_llgo_28 ]
+  %66 = sdiv i64 %65, 100
+  %67 = trunc i64 %66 to i8
+  %68 = add i8 %67, 48
+  %69 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 11
+  store i8 %68, ptr %69, align 1
+  %70 = sdiv i64 %65, 10
+  %71 = trunc i64 %70 to i8
+  %72 = urem i8 %71, 10
+  %73 = add i8 %72, 48
+  %74 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 12
+  store i8 %73, ptr %74, align 1
+  %75 = srem i64 %65, 10
+  %76 = trunc i64 %75 to i8
+  %77 = add i8 %76, 48
+  %78 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %11, i64 13
+  store i8 %77, ptr %78, align 1
+  %79 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %11, i64 1, i64 14, i64 0, i64 14, i64 14)
+  call void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %79)
   ret void
 }
 
@@ -622,43 +624,49 @@ _llgo_0:
   br label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3
-  %2 = urem i64 %14, 16
+  %2 = urem i64 %17, 16
   %3 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @10, i64 16)
   %4 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %3, 0
   %5 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %4, i64 %2
   %6 = load i8, ptr %5, align 1
-  %7 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %15
-  store i8 %6, ptr %7, align 1
-  %8 = icmp ult i64 %14, 16
-  br i1 %8, label %_llgo_5, label %_llgo_4
+  %7 = icmp slt i64 %18, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %7)
+  %8 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %18
+  store i8 %6, ptr %8, align 1
+  %9 = icmp ult i64 %17, 16
+  br i1 %9, label %_llgo_5, label %_llgo_4
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_5, %_llgo_3
-  %9 = sub i64 %15, 1
-  %10 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %9
-  store i8 120, ptr %10, align 1
-  %11 = sub i64 %9, 1
-  %12 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %11
-  store i8 48, ptr %12, align 1
-  %13 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %1, i64 1, i64 100, i64 %11, i64 100, i64 100)
-  call void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %13)
+  %10 = sub i64 %18, 1
+  %11 = icmp slt i64 %10, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %11)
+  %12 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %10
+  store i8 120, ptr %12, align 1
+  %13 = sub i64 %10, 1
+  %14 = icmp slt i64 %13, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %14)
+  %15 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %13
+  store i8 48, ptr %15, align 1
+  %16 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %1, i64 1, i64 100, i64 %13, i64 100, i64 100)
+  call void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %16)
   ret void
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_4, %_llgo_0
-  %14 = phi i64 [ %0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %17, %_llgo_4 ]
-  %15 = phi i64 [ 99, %_llgo_0 ], [ %18, %_llgo_4 ]
-  %16 = icmp sgt i64 %15, 0
-  br i1 %16, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
+  %17 = phi i64 [ %0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %20, %_llgo_4 ]
+  %18 = phi i64 [ 99, %_llgo_0 ], [ %21, %_llgo_4 ]
+  %19 = icmp sgt i64 %18, 0
+  br i1 %19, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
 
 _llgo_4:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_5, %_llgo_1
-  %17 = udiv i64 %14, 16
-  %18 = sub i64 %15, 1
+  %20 = udiv i64 %17, 16
+  %21 = sub i64 %18, 1
   br label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_5:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %19 = sub i64 100, %15
-  %20 = load i64, ptr @main.minhexdigits, align 4
-  %21 = icmp sge i64 %19, %20
-  br i1 %21, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_4
+  %22 = sub i64 100, %18
+  %23 = load i64, ptr @main.minhexdigits, align 4
+  %24 = icmp sge i64 %22, %23
+  br i1 %24, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_4
 }
 
 define void @main.printint(i64 %0) {
@@ -680,7 +688,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
 
 define void @main.println(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0) {
 _llgo_0:
-  %1 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
+  %1 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_5, %_llgo_0
@@ -690,23 +698,25 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_5, %_llgo_0
   br i1 %4, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %5 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
-  %6 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %5, i64 %3
-  %7 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %6, align 8
-  %8 = icmp ne i64 %3, 0
-  br i1 %8, label %_llgo_4, label %_llgo_5
+  %5 = icmp slt i64 %3, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %5)
+  %6 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 0
+  %7 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %6, i64 %3
+  %8 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %7, align 8
+  %9 = icmp ne i64 %3, 0
+  br i1 %9, label %_llgo_4, label %_llgo_5
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
   call void @main.printnl()
   ret void
 
 _llgo_4:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2
-  %9 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @12, i64 1)
-  call void @main.printstring(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %9)
+  %10 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @12, i64 1)
+  call void @main.printstring(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %10)
   br label %_llgo_5
 
 _llgo_5:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_4, %_llgo_2
-  call void @main.printany(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %7)
+  call void @main.printany(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %8)
   br label %_llgo_1
 }
 
@@ -737,28 +747,30 @@ _llgo_0:
   br label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3
-  %2 = urem i64 %8, 10
+  %2 = urem i64 %9, 10
   %3 = add i64 %2, 48
   %4 = trunc i64 %3 to i8
-  %5 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %9
-  store i8 %4, ptr %5, align 1
-  %6 = icmp ult i64 %8, 10
-  br i1 %6, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_4
+  %5 = icmp slt i64 %10, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %5)
+  %6 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %1, i64 %10
+  store i8 %4, ptr %6, align 1
+  %7 = icmp ult i64 %9, 10
+  br i1 %7, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_4
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3, %_llgo_1
-  %7 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %1, i64 1, i64 100, i64 %9, i64 100, i64 100)
-  call void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
+  %8 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %1, i64 1, i64 100, i64 %10, i64 100, i64 100)
+  call void @main.gwrite(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %8)
   ret void
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_4, %_llgo_0
-  %8 = phi i64 [ %0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %11, %_llgo_4 ]
-  %9 = phi i64 [ 99, %_llgo_0 ], [ %12, %_llgo_4 ]
-  %10 = icmp sgt i64 %9, 0
-  br i1 %10, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
+  %9 = phi i64 [ %0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %12, %_llgo_4 ]
+  %10 = phi i64 [ 99, %_llgo_0 ], [ %13, %_llgo_4 ]
+  %11 = icmp sgt i64 %10, 0
+  br i1 %11, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
 
 _llgo_4:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %11 = udiv i64 %8, 10
-  %12 = sub i64 %9, 1
+  %12 = udiv i64 %9, 10
+  %13 = sub i64 %10, 1
   br label %_llgo_3
 }
 
@@ -783,8 +795,6 @@ _llgo_0:
 
 declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64)
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
-
 declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
@@ -803,4 +813,4 @@ declare { i64, i1 } @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.CheckI2Int"(%"gith
 
 declare { %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", i1 } @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.CheckI2String"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr)
 
-declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)

cl/_testdata/printf/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.hello = global ptr null
+@main.hello = global [7 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @main.hello)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testdata/printval/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @main.format, i64 100)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testdata/ptrmthd/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
   call void @"(*main.T).Print"(ptr @main.format, i64 100)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @printf(ptr, ...)

cl/_testdata/uint/out.ll

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call i32 @main.f(i32 100)
   %3 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i32 %2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testdata/untyped/out.ll

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
   br label %_llgo_2
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testdata/utf8/in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	var str = "中abcd"
+	for i := 0; i < len(str); {
+		r, n := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(str[i:])
+		i += n
+		println(r)
+	}
+	println(index(2) == 3)
+}
+
+var array = [...]uint8{
+	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
+}
+
+func index(n int8) uint8 {
+	return array[n]
+}

cl/_testdata/utf8/out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+; ModuleID = 'main'
+source_filename = "main"
+
+%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" = type { ptr, i64 }
+
+@main.array = global [8 x i8] undef
+@"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argc = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argv = global ptr null
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"\E4\B8\ADabcd\00", align 1
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"\E4\B8\ADabcd\00", align 1
+
+define i8 @main.index(i8 %0) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %1 = icmp slt i8 %0, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %1)
+  %2 = zext i8 %0 to i64
+  %3 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr @main.array, i64 %2
+  %4 = load i8, ptr %3, align 1
+  ret i8 %4
+}
+
+define void @main.init() {
+_llgo_0:
+  %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br i1 %0, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_1
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
+  store i1 true, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  call void @"unicode/utf8.init"()
+  store i8 1, ptr @main.array, align 1
+  store i8 2, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 1), align 1
+  store i8 3, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 2), align 1
+  store i8 4, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 3), align 1
+  store i8 5, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 4), align 1
+  store i8 6, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 5), align 1
+  store i8 7, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 6), align 1
+  store i8 8, ptr getelementptr inbounds (i8, ptr @main.array, i64 7), align 1
+  br label %_llgo_2
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
+  store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+  call void @main.init()
+  br label %_llgo_3
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3
+  %2 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @0, i64 7)
+  %3 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %2, 1
+  %4 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %2, i64 %14, i64 %3)
+  %5 = call { i32, i64 } @"unicode/utf8.DecodeRuneInString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %4)
+  %6 = extractvalue { i32, i64 } %5, 0
+  %7 = extractvalue { i32, i64 } %5, 1
+  %8 = add i64 %14, %7
+  %9 = sext i32 %6 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %9)
+  %10 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @1, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %10)
+  br label %_llgo_3
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3
+  %11 = call i8 @main.index(i8 2)
+  %12 = icmp eq i8 %11, 3
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintBool"(i1 %12)
+  %13 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @2, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %13)
+  ret i32 0
+
+_llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  %14 = phi i64 [ 0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %8, %_llgo_1 ]
+  %15 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @3, i64 7)
+  %16 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %15, 1
+  %17 = icmp slt i64 %14, %16
+  br i1 %17, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
+}
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)
+
+declare void @"unicode/utf8.init"()
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+
+declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr, i64)
+
+declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", i64, i64)
+
+declare { i32, i64 } @"unicode/utf8.DecodeRuneInString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String")
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String")
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintBool"(i1)

cl/_testdata/vargs/out.ll

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ _llgo_0:
   store %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %11, ptr %9, align 8
   %12 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %2, i64 16, i64 3, i64 0, i64 3, i64 3)
   call void @main.test(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %12)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 define void @main.test(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0) {
 _llgo_0:
-  %1 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
+  %1 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
@@ -58,12 +58,14 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
   br i1 %4, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %5 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
-  %6 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %5, i64 %3
-  %7 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %6, align 8
-  %8 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Basic"(i64 2)
-  %9 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.I2Int"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %7, ptr %8)
-  %10 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %9)
+  %5 = icmp slt i64 %3, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %5)
+  %6 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 0
+  %7 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %6, i64 %3
+  %8 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %7, align 8
+  %9 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Basic"(i64 2)
+  %10 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.I2Int"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %8, ptr %9)
+  %11 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %10)
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
@@ -80,9 +82,7 @@ declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" @"github.com/goplus/llg
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr, i64, i64, i64, i64, i64)
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
-
-declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)
 
 declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.I2Int"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr)
 

cl/_testdata/varinit/out.ll

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %3 = add i64 %2, 1
   store i64 %3, ptr @main.a, align 4
   %4 = load i64, ptr @main.a, align 4
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testlibc/argv/out.ll

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3
   br label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_3
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   %7 = phi i32 [ 0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %6, %_llgo_1 ]

cl/_testlibc/sqlite/in.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
-	"github.com/goplus/llgo/x/sqlite"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/sqlite"
 )
 
 func main() {

cl/_testlibc/sqlite/out.ll

@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
-  %2 = call { ptr, i32 } @"github.com/goplus/llgo/x/sqlite.OpenV2"(ptr @1, i32 130, ptr null)
+  %2 = call { ptr, i32 } @"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/sqlite.OpenV2"(ptr @1, i32 130, ptr null)
   %3 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %2, 0
   %4 = extractvalue { ptr, i32 } %2, 1
   call void @main.check(i32 %4)
   %5 = call i32 @sqlite3_close(ptr %3)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare ptr @sqlite3_errstr(i32)
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ declare void @exit(i32)
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
 
-declare { ptr, i32 } @"github.com/goplus/llgo/x/sqlite.OpenV2"(ptr, i32, ptr)
+declare { ptr, i32 } @"github.com/goplus/llgo/c/sqlite.OpenV2"(ptr, i32, ptr)
 
 declare i32 @sqlite3_close(ptr)

cl/_testpy/callpy/out.ll

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   call void @Py_Initialize()
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ _llgo_0:
   %6 = call ptr @PyObject_CallNoArgs(ptr %5)
   %7 = call double @PyFloat_AsDouble(ptr %4)
   %8 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, double %7)
-  %9 = call ptr @PyBytes_AsString(ptr %6)
+  %9 = call ptr @PyUnicode_AsUTF8(ptr %6)
   %10 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @1, ptr %9)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ declare double @PyFloat_AsDouble(ptr)
 
 declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
 
-declare ptr @PyBytes_AsString(ptr)
+declare ptr @PyUnicode_AsUTF8(ptr)
 
 declare void @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr, ...)
 

cl/_testpy/gcd/in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	x := math.Gcd(py.Long(60), py.Long(20), py.Long(25))
+	c.Printf(c.Str("gcd(60, 20, 25) = %d\n"), x.Long())
+}

cl/_testpy/gcd/out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+; ModuleID = 'main'
+source_filename = "main"
+
+@"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argc = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argv = global ptr null
+@__llgo_py.math.gcd = linkonce global ptr null
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [22 x i8] c"gcd(60, 20, 25) = %d\0A\00", align 1
+@__llgo_py.math = external global ptr
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"gcd\00", align 1
+
+define void @main.init() {
+_llgo_0:
+  %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br i1 %0, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_1
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
+  store i1 true, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
+  %1 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.math, align 8
+  call void (ptr, ...) @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr %1, ptr @1, ptr @__llgo_py.math.gcd, ptr null)
+  br label %_llgo_2
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  call void @Py_Initialize()
+  store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
+  store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+  call void @main.init()
+  %2 = call ptr @PyLong_FromLong(i32 60)
+  %3 = call ptr @PyLong_FromLong(i32 20)
+  %4 = call ptr @PyLong_FromLong(i32 25)
+  %5 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.math.gcd, align 8
+  %6 = call ptr (ptr, ...) @PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(ptr %5, ptr %2, ptr %3, ptr %4, ptr null)
+  %7 = call i32 @PyLong_AsLong(ptr %6)
+  %8 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i32 %7)
+  ret i32 0
+}
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+
+declare ptr @PyLong_FromLong(i32)
+
+declare ptr @PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(ptr, ...)
+
+declare i32 @PyLong_AsLong(ptr)
+
+declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @Py_Initialize()

cl/_testpy/math/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'math'
 source_filename = "math"
 
-@__llgo_py.math.sqrt = external global ptr
 @"math.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_py.math = linkonce global ptr null
 @0 = private unnamed_addr constant [5 x i8] c"math\00", align 1

cl/_testpy/matrix/in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/numpy"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	a := py.List(
+		py.List(1.0, 2.0, 3.0),
+		py.List(4.0, 5.0, 6.0),
+		py.List(7.0, 8.0, 9.0),
+	)
+	b := py.List(
+		py.List(9.0, 8.0, 7.0),
+		py.List(6.0, 5.0, 4.0),
+		py.List(3.0, 2.0, 1.0),
+	)
+	x := numpy.Add(a, b)
+	c.Printf(c.Str("a = %s\n"), a.Str().CStr())
+	c.Printf(c.Str("a = %s\n"), b.Str().CStr())
+	c.Printf(c.Str("a+b = %s\n"), x.Str().CStr())
+}

cl/_testpy/matrix/out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+; ModuleID = 'main'
+source_filename = "main"
+
+@"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argc = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argv = global ptr null
+@__llgo_py.numpy.add = linkonce global ptr null
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"a = %s\0A\00", align 1
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"a = %s\0A\00", align 1
+@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [10 x i8] c"a+b = %s\0A\00", align 1
+@__llgo_py.numpy = external global ptr
+@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"add\00", align 1
+
+define void @main.init() {
+_llgo_0:
+  %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br i1 %0, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_1
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
+  store i1 true, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/numpy.init"()
+  %1 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.numpy, align 8
+  call void (ptr, ...) @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr %1, ptr @3, ptr @__llgo_py.numpy.add, ptr null)
+  br label %_llgo_2
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  call void @Py_Initialize()
+  store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
+  store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+  call void @main.init()
+  %2 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %3 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 1.000000e+00)
+  %4 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %2, i64 0, ptr %3)
+  %5 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 2.000000e+00)
+  %6 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %2, i64 1, ptr %5)
+  %7 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 3.000000e+00)
+  %8 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %2, i64 2, ptr %7)
+  %9 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %10 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 4.000000e+00)
+  %11 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %9, i64 0, ptr %10)
+  %12 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 5.000000e+00)
+  %13 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %9, i64 1, ptr %12)
+  %14 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 6.000000e+00)
+  %15 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %9, i64 2, ptr %14)
+  %16 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %17 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 7.000000e+00)
+  %18 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %16, i64 0, ptr %17)
+  %19 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 8.000000e+00)
+  %20 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %16, i64 1, ptr %19)
+  %21 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 9.000000e+00)
+  %22 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %16, i64 2, ptr %21)
+  %23 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %24 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %23, i64 0, ptr %2)
+  %25 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %23, i64 1, ptr %9)
+  %26 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %23, i64 2, ptr %16)
+  %27 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %28 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 9.000000e+00)
+  %29 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %27, i64 0, ptr %28)
+  %30 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 8.000000e+00)
+  %31 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %27, i64 1, ptr %30)
+  %32 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 7.000000e+00)
+  %33 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %27, i64 2, ptr %32)
+  %34 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %35 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 6.000000e+00)
+  %36 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %34, i64 0, ptr %35)
+  %37 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 5.000000e+00)
+  %38 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %34, i64 1, ptr %37)
+  %39 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 4.000000e+00)
+  %40 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %34, i64 2, ptr %39)
+  %41 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %42 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 3.000000e+00)
+  %43 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %41, i64 0, ptr %42)
+  %44 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 2.000000e+00)
+  %45 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %41, i64 1, ptr %44)
+  %46 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 1.000000e+00)
+  %47 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %41, i64 2, ptr %46)
+  %48 = call ptr @PyList_New(i64 3)
+  %49 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %48, i64 0, ptr %27)
+  %50 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %48, i64 1, ptr %34)
+  %51 = call i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr %48, i64 2, ptr %41)
+  %52 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.numpy.add, align 8
+  %53 = call ptr (ptr, ...) @PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(ptr %52, ptr %23, ptr %48, ptr null)
+  %54 = call ptr @PyObject_Str(ptr %23)
+  %55 = call ptr @PyUnicode_AsUTF8(ptr %54)
+  %56 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, ptr %55)
+  %57 = call ptr @PyObject_Str(ptr %48)
+  %58 = call ptr @PyUnicode_AsUTF8(ptr %57)
+  %59 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @1, ptr %58)
+  %60 = call ptr @PyObject_Str(ptr %53)
+  %61 = call ptr @PyUnicode_AsUTF8(ptr %60)
+  %62 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @2, ptr %61)
+  ret i32 0
+}
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/numpy.init"()
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+
+declare ptr @PyList_New(i64)
+
+declare ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double)
+
+declare i32 @PyList_SetItem(ptr, i64, ptr)
+
+declare ptr @PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(ptr, ...)
+
+declare ptr @PyObject_Str(ptr)
+
+declare ptr @PyUnicode_AsUTF8(ptr)
+
+declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @Py_Initialize()

cl/_testpy/pi/in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	c.Printf(c.Str("pi = %f\n"), math.Pi.Float64())
+}

cl/_testpy/pi/out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+; ModuleID = 'main'
+source_filename = "main"
+
+@"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argc = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argv = global ptr null
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [9 x i8] c"pi = %f\0A\00", align 1
+@__llgo_py.math = external global ptr
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [3 x i8] c"pi\00", align 1
+
+define void @main.init() {
+_llgo_0:
+  %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br i1 %0, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_1
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
+  store i1 true, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
+  br label %_llgo_2
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  call void @Py_Initialize()
+  store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
+  store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+  call void @main.init()
+  %2 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.math, align 8
+  %3 = call ptr @PyObject_GetAttrString(ptr %2, ptr @1)
+  %4 = call double @PyFloat_AsDouble(ptr %3)
+  %5 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, double %4)
+  ret i32 0
+}
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+
+declare ptr @PyObject_GetAttrString(ptr, ptr)
+
+declare double @PyFloat_AsDouble(ptr)
+
+declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @Py_Initialize()

cl/_testpy/pow/in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	x := math.Pow(py.Float(2), py.Float(3))
+	c.Printf(c.Str("pow(2, 3) = %f\n"), x.Float64())
+}

cl/_testpy/pow/out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+; ModuleID = 'main'
+source_filename = "main"
+
+@"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argc = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argv = global ptr null
+@__llgo_py.math.pow = linkonce global ptr null
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [16 x i8] c"pow(2, 3) = %f\0A\00", align 1
+@__llgo_py.math = external global ptr
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"pow\00", align 1
+
+define void @main.init() {
+_llgo_0:
+  %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br i1 %0, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_1
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
+  store i1 true, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
+  %1 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.math, align 8
+  call void (ptr, ...) @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr %1, ptr @1, ptr @__llgo_py.math.pow, ptr null)
+  br label %_llgo_2
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  call void @Py_Initialize()
+  store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
+  store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+  call void @main.init()
+  %2 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 2.000000e+00)
+  %3 = call ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double 3.000000e+00)
+  %4 = load ptr, ptr @__llgo_py.math.pow, align 8
+  %5 = call ptr (ptr, ...) @PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(ptr %4, ptr %2, ptr %3, ptr null)
+  %6 = call double @PyFloat_AsDouble(ptr %5)
+  %7 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, double %6)
+  ret i32 0
+}
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/py/math.init"()
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+
+declare ptr @PyFloat_FromDouble(double)
+
+declare ptr @PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(ptr, ...)
+
+declare double @PyFloat_AsDouble(ptr)
+
+declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @llgoLoadPyModSyms(ptr, ...)
+
+declare void @Py_Initialize()

cl/_testrt/alloca/out.ll

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %2 = alloca i8, i64 4, align 1
   %3 = call ptr @memcpy(ptr %2, ptr @0, i64 4)
   %4 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @1, ptr %2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/allocstr/out.ll

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %5 = alloca i8, i64 %4, align 1
   %6 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.CStrCopy"(ptr %5, %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %2)
   %7 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr %6)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr, i64)

cl/_testrt/any/out.ll

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %3 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.MakeAnyInt"(ptr %2, i64 100)
   %4 = call i64 @main.incVal(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %3)
   %5 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %4)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.I2Int"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr)

cl/_testrt/builtin/in.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime/c"
+	"unsafe"
 )
 
 var a int64 = 1<<63 - 1
@@ -11,41 +11,19 @@ var n uint64 = 1<<64 - 1
 func main() {
 	var s = []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
 	var a = [...]int{1, 2, 3, 4}
+	d := make([]byte, 4, 10)
+	println(s, len(s), cap(s))
+	println(d, len(d), cap(d))
+	println(len(a), cap(a), cap(&a), len(&a))
+	println(len([]int{1, 2, 3, 4}), len([4]int{1, 2, 3, 4}))
+	println(len(s[1:]), cap(s[1:]), len(s[1:2]), cap(s[1:2]), len(s[1:2:2]), cap(s[1:2:2]))
+	println(len(a[1:]), cap(a[1:]), len(a[1:2]), cap(a[1:2]), len(a[1:2:2]), cap(a[1:2:2]))
 
-	out(len(s))
-	out(len([]int{1, 2, 3, 4}))
-	out(len(a))
-	out(len(&a))
-	out(len([4]int{1, 2, 3, 4}))
-
-	out(cap(s))
-	out(cap(a))
-	out(cap(&a))
-
-	out(len(s[1:]))
-	out(cap(s[1:]))
-	out(len(s[1:2]))
-	out(cap(s[1:2]))
-	out(len(s[1:2:2]))
-	out(cap(s[1:2:2]))
-
-	out(len(a[1:]))
-	out(cap(a[1:]))
-	out(len(a[1:2]))
-	out(cap(a[1:2]))
-	out(len(a[1:2:2]))
-	out(cap(a[1:2:2]))
-
-	string_len("hello")
-	string_len("hello"[1:])
-	string_len("hello"[1:2])
-	string_len("hello"[5:])
-}
-
-func string_len(s string) {
-	out(len(s))
-}
-
-func out(n int) {
-	c.Printf(c.Str("%d\n"), n)
+	println("hello", "hello"[1:], "hello"[1:2], len("hello"[5:]))
+	println(append(s, 5, 6, 7, 8))
+	data := []byte{'a', 'b', 'c'}
+	data = append(data, "def"...)
+	println(data)
+	var i any = 100
+	println(true, 100, -100, uint(255), int32(-100), 100.5, i, &i, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&i)))
 }

cl/_testrt/builtin/out.ll

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ source_filename = "main"
 
 %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" = type { ptr, i64, i64 }
 %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" = type { ptr, i64 }
+%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" = type { ptr, ptr }
 
 @main.a = global ptr null
 @main.b = global ptr null
@@ -10,11 +11,50 @@ source_filename = "main"
 @main.n = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
-@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
-@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
-@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
-@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
-@4 = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"%d\0A\00", align 1
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@4 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@5 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@6 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@7 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@8 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@9 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@10 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@11 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@12 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@13 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@14 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@15 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@16 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@17 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@18 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@19 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@20 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@21 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@22 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@23 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@24 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
+@25 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
+@26 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
+@27 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"hello\00", align 1
+@28 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@29 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@30 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@31 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@32 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@33 = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"def\00", align 1
+@34 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@35 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@36 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@37 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@38 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@39 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@40 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@41 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@42 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@43 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
 
 define void @main.init() {
 _llgo_0:
@@ -32,7 +72,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -57,104 +97,220 @@ _llgo_0:
   store i64 2, ptr %10, align 4
   store i64 3, ptr %11, align 4
   store i64 4, ptr %12, align 4
-  %13 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %13)
-  %14 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 32)
-  %15 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %14, i64 0
-  store i64 1, ptr %15, align 4
-  %16 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %14, i64 1
-  store i64 2, ptr %16, align 4
-  %17 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %14, i64 2
-  store i64 3, ptr %17, align 4
-  %18 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %14, i64 3
-  store i64 4, ptr %18, align 4
-  %19 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %14, i64 8, i64 4, i64 0, i64 4, i64 4)
-  %20 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %19)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %20)
-  call void @main.out(i64 4)
-  call void @main.out(i64 4)
-  call void @main.out(i64 4)
-  %21 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %21)
-  call void @main.out(i64 4)
-  call void @main.out(i64 4)
-  %22 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %23 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %24 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %25 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %24, i64 8, i64 %22, i64 1, i64 %23, i64 %22)
-  %26 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %25)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %26)
-  %27 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %28 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %29 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %30 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %29, i64 8, i64 %27, i64 1, i64 %28, i64 %27)
-  %31 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %30)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %31)
-  %32 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %33 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %34 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %33, i64 8, i64 %32, i64 1, i64 2, i64 %32)
-  %35 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %34)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %35)
-  %36 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %37 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %38 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %37, i64 8, i64 %36, i64 1, i64 2, i64 %36)
-  %39 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %38)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %39)
-  %40 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %41 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %42 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %41, i64 8, i64 %40, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
-  %43 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %42)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %43)
-  %44 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %45 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
-  %46 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %45, i64 8, i64 %44, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
-  %47 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %46)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %47)
-  %48 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 4, i64 4)
-  %49 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %48)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %49)
-  %50 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 4, i64 4)
-  %51 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %50)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %51)
-  %52 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 4)
-  %53 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %52)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %53)
-  %54 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 4)
-  %55 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %54)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %55)
-  %56 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
-  %57 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %56)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %57)
-  %58 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
-  %59 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %58)
-  call void @main.out(i64 %59)
-  %60 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @0, i64 5)
-  call void @main.string_len(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %60)
-  %61 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @1, i64 5)
-  %62 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %61, 1
-  %63 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %61, i64 1, i64 %62)
-  call void @main.string_len(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %63)
-  %64 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @2, i64 5)
-  %65 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %64, i64 1, i64 2)
-  call void @main.string_len(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %65)
-  %66 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @3, i64 5)
-  %67 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %66, 1
-  %68 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %66, i64 5, i64 %67)
-  call void @main.string_len(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %68)
-  ret void
-}
-
-define void @main.out(i64 %0) {
-_llgo_0:
-  %1 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @4, i64 %0)
-  ret void
-}
-
-define void @main.string_len(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %0) {
-_llgo_0:
-  %1 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %0, 1
-  call void @main.out(i64 %1)
-  ret void
+  %13 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 10)
+  %14 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %13, i64 1, i64 10, i64 0, i64 4, i64 10)
+  %15 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 1
+  %16 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
+  %17 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @0, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %17)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %15)
+  %18 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @1, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %18)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %16)
+  %19 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @2, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %19)
+  %20 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %14, 1
+  %21 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %14, 2
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %14)
+  %22 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @3, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %22)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %20)
+  %23 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @4, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %23)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %21)
+  %24 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @5, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %24)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 4)
+  %25 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @6, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %25)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 4)
+  %26 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @7, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %26)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 4)
+  %27 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @8, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %27)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 4)
+  %28 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @9, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %28)
+  %29 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 32)
+  %30 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %29, i64 0
+  store i64 1, ptr %30, align 4
+  %31 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %29, i64 1
+  store i64 2, ptr %31, align 4
+  %32 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %29, i64 2
+  store i64 3, ptr %32, align 4
+  %33 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %29, i64 3
+  store i64 4, ptr %33, align 4
+  %34 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %29, i64 8, i64 4, i64 0, i64 4, i64 4)
+  %35 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %34, 1
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %35)
+  %36 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @10, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %36)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 4)
+  %37 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @11, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %37)
+  %38 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %39 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %40 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 0
+  %41 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %40, i64 8, i64 %38, i64 1, i64 %39, i64 %38)
+  %42 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %41, 1
+  %43 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %44 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %45 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 0
+  %46 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %45, i64 8, i64 %43, i64 1, i64 %44, i64 %43)
+  %47 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %46, 2
+  %48 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %49 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 0
+  %50 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %49, i64 8, i64 %48, i64 1, i64 2, i64 %48)
+  %51 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %50, 1
+  %52 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %53 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 0
+  %54 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %53, i64 8, i64 %52, i64 1, i64 2, i64 %52)
+  %55 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %54, 2
+  %56 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %57 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 0
+  %58 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %57, i64 8, i64 %56, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
+  %59 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %58, 1
+  %60 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 2
+  %61 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, 0
+  %62 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %61, i64 8, i64 %60, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
+  %63 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %62, 2
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %42)
+  %64 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @12, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %64)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %47)
+  %65 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @13, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %65)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %51)
+  %66 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @14, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %66)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %55)
+  %67 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @15, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %67)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %59)
+  %68 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @16, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %68)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %63)
+  %69 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @17, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %69)
+  %70 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 4, i64 4)
+  %71 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %70, 1
+  %72 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 4, i64 4)
+  %73 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %72, 2
+  %74 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 4)
+  %75 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %74, 1
+  %76 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 4)
+  %77 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %76, 2
+  %78 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
+  %79 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %78, 1
+  %80 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %8, i64 8, i64 4, i64 1, i64 2, i64 2)
+  %81 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %80, 2
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %71)
+  %82 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @18, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %82)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %73)
+  %83 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @19, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %83)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %75)
+  %84 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @20, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %84)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %77)
+  %85 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @21, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %85)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %79)
+  %86 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @22, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %86)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %81)
+  %87 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @23, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %87)
+  %88 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @24, i64 5)
+  %89 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %88, 1
+  %90 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %88, i64 1, i64 %89)
+  %91 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @25, i64 5)
+  %92 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %91, i64 1, i64 2)
+  %93 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @26, i64 5)
+  %94 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %93, 1
+  %95 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %93, i64 5, i64 %94)
+  %96 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %95, 1
+  %97 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @27, i64 5)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %97)
+  %98 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @28, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %98)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %90)
+  %99 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @29, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %99)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %92)
+  %100 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @30, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %100)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %96)
+  %101 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @31, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %101)
+  %102 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 32)
+  %103 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %102, i64 0
+  store i64 5, ptr %103, align 4
+  %104 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %102, i64 1
+  store i64 6, ptr %104, align 4
+  %105 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %102, i64 2
+  store i64 7, ptr %105, align 4
+  %106 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %102, i64 3
+  store i64 8, ptr %106, align 4
+  %107 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %102, i64 8, i64 4, i64 0, i64 4, i64 4)
+  %108 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %107, 0
+  %109 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %107, 1
+  %110 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceAppend"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7, ptr %108, i64 %109, i64 8)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %110)
+  %111 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @32, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %111)
+  %112 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 3)
+  %113 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %112, i64 0
+  store i8 97, ptr %113, align 1
+  %114 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %112, i64 1
+  store i8 98, ptr %114, align 1
+  %115 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %112, i64 2
+  store i8 99, ptr %115, align 1
+  %116 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %112, i64 1, i64 3, i64 0, i64 3, i64 3)
+  %117 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @33, i64 3)
+  %118 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %117, 0
+  %119 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %117, 1
+  %120 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceAppend"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %116, ptr %118, i64 %119, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %120)
+  %121 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @34, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %121)
+  %122 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 16)
+  %123 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Basic"(i64 2)
+  %124 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.MakeAnyInt"(ptr %123, i64 100)
+  store %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %124, ptr %122, align 8
+  %125 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface", ptr %122, align 8
+  %126 = ptrtoint ptr %122 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintBool"(i1 true)
+  %127 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @35, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %127)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 100)
+  %128 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @36, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %128)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 -100)
+  %129 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @37, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %129)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64 255)
+  %130 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @38, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %130)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 -100)
+  %131 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @39, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %131)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintFloat"(double 1.005000e+02)
+  %132 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @40, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %132)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintIface"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" %125)
+  %133 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @41, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %133)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintPointer"(ptr %122)
+  %134 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @42, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %134)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64 %126)
+  %135 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @43, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %135)
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
@@ -163,14 +319,28 @@ declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64)
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr, i64, i64, i64, i64, i64)
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceCap"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
-
-declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String")
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr, i64)
 
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64)
+
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewStringSlice"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", i64, i64)
 
-declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
+declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceAppend"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice", ptr, i64, i64)
+
+declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Basic"(i64)
+
+declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.MakeAnyInt"(ptr, i64)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintBool"(i1)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintFloat"(double)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintIface"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface")
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintPointer"(ptr)

cl/_testrt/callback/out.ll

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   store ptr null, ptr %8, align 8
   %9 = load { ptr, ptr }, ptr %6, align 8
   call void @main.callback(ptr @1, { ptr, ptr } %9)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 define void @main.print(ptr %0) {

cl/_testrt/cast/out.ll

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
 
 define void @main.cvtUinptr(i32 %0, i64 %1) {
 _llgo_0:
-  %2 = sext i32 %0 to i64
+  %2 = zext i32 %0 to i64
   %3 = icmp ne i64 %2, %1
   br i1 %3, label %_llgo_1, label %_llgo_2
 
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.cvt32to64(i32 0, i64 0)
   call void @main.cvt32to64(i32 2147483647, i64 2147483647)
   call void @main.cvtUinptr(i32 1024, i64 1024)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr, i64)

cl/_testrt/closure/out.ll

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %13 = extractvalue { ptr, ptr } %12, 1
   %14 = extractvalue { ptr, ptr } %12, 0
   call void %14(ptr %13)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/concat/in.go

@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ func concat(args ...string) (ret string) {
 	return
 }
 
+func info(s string) string {
+	return "" + s + "..."
+}
+
 func main() {
 	result := concat("Hello", " ", "World")
 	c.Fprintf(c.Stderr, c.Str("Hi, %s\n"), c.AllocaCStr(result))

cl/_testrt/concat/out.ll

@@ -6,25 +6,27 @@ source_filename = "main"
 
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @0 = private unnamed_addr constant [1 x i8] zeroinitializer, align 1
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [1 x i8] zeroinitializer, align 1
+@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [4 x i8] c"...\00", align 1
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
-@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"Hello\00", align 1
-@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
-@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"World\00", align 1
+@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"Hello\00", align 1
+@4 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c" \00", align 1
+@5 = private unnamed_addr constant [6 x i8] c"World\00", align 1
 @__stderrp = external global ptr
-@4 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"Hi, %s\0A\00", align 1
+@6 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"Hi, %s\0A\00", align 1
 
 define %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @main.concat(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0) {
 _llgo_0:
-  %1 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
+  %1 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 1
   %2 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @0, i64 0)
   %3 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %2, 0
   %4 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %2, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
-  %5 = phi ptr [ %3, %_llgo_0 ], [ %18, %_llgo_2 ]
-  %6 = phi i64 [ %4, %_llgo_0 ], [ %19, %_llgo_2 ]
+  %5 = phi ptr [ %3, %_llgo_0 ], [ %19, %_llgo_2 ]
+  %6 = phi i64 [ %4, %_llgo_0 ], [ %20, %_llgo_2 ]
   %7 = phi i64 [ -1, %_llgo_0 ], [ %12, %_llgo_2 ]
   %8 = alloca %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", align 8
   %9 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %8, i32 0, i32 0
@@ -37,18 +39,29 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
   br i1 %13, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %14 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
-  %15 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %14, i64 %12
-  %16 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %15, align 8
-  %17 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.StringCat"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %11, %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %16)
-  %18 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %17, 0
-  %19 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %17, 1
+  %14 = icmp slt i64 %12, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %14)
+  %15 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 0
+  %16 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %15, i64 %12
+  %17 = load %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %16, align 8
+  %18 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.StringCat"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %11, %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %17)
+  %19 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %18, 0
+  %20 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %18, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
   ret %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %11
 }
 
+define %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @main.info(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %0) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %1 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @1, i64 0)
+  %2 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.StringCat"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %1, %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %0)
+  %3 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @2, i64 3)
+  %4 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.StringCat"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %2, %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %3)
+  ret %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %4
+}
+
 define void @main.init() {
 _llgo_0:
   %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
@@ -62,7 +75,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -70,13 +83,13 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 48)
   %3 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %2, i64 0
-  %4 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @1, i64 5)
+  %4 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @3, i64 5)
   store %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %4, ptr %3, align 8
   %5 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %2, i64 1
-  %6 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @2, i64 1)
+  %6 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @4, i64 1)
   store %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %6, ptr %5, align 8
   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", ptr %2, i64 2
-  %8 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @3, i64 5)
+  %8 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @5, i64 5)
   store %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %8, ptr %7, align 8
   %9 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %2, i64 16, i64 3, i64 0, i64 3, i64 3)
   %10 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @main.concat(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %9)
@@ -85,13 +98,11 @@ _llgo_0:
   %13 = add i64 %12, 1
   %14 = alloca i8, i64 %13, align 1
   %15 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.CStrCopy"(ptr %14, %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %10)
-  %16 = call i32 (ptr, ptr, ...) @fprintf(ptr %11, ptr @4, ptr %15)
-  ret void
+  %16 = call i32 (ptr, ptr, ...) @fprintf(ptr %11, ptr @6, ptr %15)
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
-
-declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.StringCat"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String", %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String")
 

cl/_testrt/cstr/out.ll

@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/cvar/out.ll

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = load { [16 x i8], [2 x ptr] }, ptr @_bar_x, align 8
   %3 = load { [16 x i8] }, ptr @_bar_y, align 1
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/fprintf/out.ll

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = load ptr, ptr @__stderrp, align 8
   call void (ptr, ptr, ...) @fprintf(ptr %2, ptr @0, i64 100)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/gblarray/out.ll

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ source_filename = "main"
 
 %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/abi.Type" = type { i64, i64, i32, i8, i8, i8, i8, { ptr, ptr }, ptr, i32, i32 }
 
-@main.basicTypes = global ptr null
+@main.basicTypes = global [25 x ptr] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
-@main.sizeBasicTypes = global ptr null
+@main.sizeBasicTypes = global [25 x i64] undef
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
 @0 = private unnamed_addr constant [20 x i8] c"Kind: %d, Size: %d\0A\00", align 1
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %6 = getelementptr inbounds %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/abi.Type", ptr %2, i32 0, i32 0
   %7 = load i64, ptr %6, align 4
   %8 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %5, i64 %7)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64)

cl/_testrt/gotypes/out.ll

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
   call void @main.init()
   call void @main.foo(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.iface" zeroinitializer)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/hello/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call i32 @strlen(ptr @main.format)
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @main.format, i32 %2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/index/out.ll

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %70 = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr %69, i64 1
   %71 = load i8, ptr %70, align 1
   %72 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @6, i8 %71)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/intgen/out.ll

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %2 = mul i64 %0, 4
   %3 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 %2)
   %4 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice"(ptr %3, i64 %0, i64 %0)
-  %5 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %4)
+  %5 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %4, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
   %9 = extractvalue { ptr, ptr } %1, 1
   %10 = extractvalue { ptr, ptr } %1, 0
   %11 = call i32 %10(ptr %9)
-  %12 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %4)
-  %13 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %12, i64 %7
-  store i32 %11, ptr %13, align 4
+  %12 = icmp slt i64 %7, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %12)
+  %13 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %4, 0
+  %14 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %13, i64 %7
+  store i32 %11, ptr %14, align 4
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   store ptr null, ptr %4, align 8
   %5 = load { ptr, ptr }, ptr %2, align 8
   %6 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @main.genInts(i64 5, { ptr, ptr } %5)
-  %7 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %6)
+  %7 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %6, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
@@ -86,82 +88,86 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
   br i1 %10, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %11 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %6)
-  %12 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %11, i64 %9
-  %13 = load i32, ptr %12, align 4
-  %14 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i32 %13)
+  %11 = icmp slt i64 %9, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %11)
+  %12 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %6, 0
+  %13 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %12, i64 %9
+  %14 = load i32, ptr %13, align 4
+  %15 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i32 %14)
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %15 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 4)
-  store i32 1, ptr %15, align 4
-  %16 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocU"(i64 8)
-  %17 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr }, ptr %16, i32 0, i32 0
-  store ptr %15, ptr %17, align 8
-  %18 = alloca { ptr, ptr }, align 8
-  %19 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %18, i32 0, i32 0
-  store ptr @"main.main$1", ptr %19, align 8
-  %20 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %18, i32 0, i32 1
-  store ptr %16, ptr %20, align 8
-  %21 = load { ptr, ptr }, ptr %18, align 8
-  %22 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @main.genInts(i64 5, { ptr, ptr } %21)
-  %23 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %22)
+  %16 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 4)
+  store i32 1, ptr %16, align 4
+  %17 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocU"(i64 8)
+  %18 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr }, ptr %17, i32 0, i32 0
+  store ptr %16, ptr %18, align 8
+  %19 = alloca { ptr, ptr }, align 8
+  %20 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %19, i32 0, i32 0
+  store ptr @"main.main$1", ptr %20, align 8
+  %21 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %19, i32 0, i32 1
+  store ptr %17, ptr %21, align 8
+  %22 = load { ptr, ptr }, ptr %19, align 8
+  %23 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @main.genInts(i64 5, { ptr, ptr } %22)
+  %24 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %23, 1
   br label %_llgo_4
 
 _llgo_4:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_5, %_llgo_3
-  %24 = phi i64 [ -1, %_llgo_3 ], [ %25, %_llgo_5 ]
-  %25 = add i64 %24, 1
-  %26 = icmp slt i64 %25, %23
-  br i1 %26, label %_llgo_5, label %_llgo_6
+  %25 = phi i64 [ -1, %_llgo_3 ], [ %26, %_llgo_5 ]
+  %26 = add i64 %25, 1
+  %27 = icmp slt i64 %26, %24
+  br i1 %27, label %_llgo_5, label %_llgo_6
 
 _llgo_5:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_4
-  %27 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %22)
-  %28 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %27, i64 %25
-  %29 = load i32, ptr %28, align 4
-  %30 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @1, i32 %29)
+  %28 = icmp slt i64 %26, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %28)
+  %29 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %23, 0
+  %30 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %29, i64 %26
+  %31 = load i32, ptr %30, align 4
+  %32 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @1, i32 %31)
   br label %_llgo_4
 
 _llgo_6:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_4
-  %31 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 4)
-  %32 = getelementptr inbounds %main.generator, ptr %31, i32 0, i32 0
-  store i32 1, ptr %32, align 4
-  %33 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocU"(i64 8)
-  %34 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr }, ptr %33, i32 0, i32 0
-  store ptr %31, ptr %34, align 8
-  %35 = alloca { ptr, ptr }, align 8
-  %36 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %35, i32 0, i32 0
-  store ptr @"main.next$bound", ptr %36, align 8
-  %37 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %35, i32 0, i32 1
-  store ptr %33, ptr %37, align 8
-  %38 = load { ptr, ptr }, ptr %35, align 8
-  %39 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @main.genInts(i64 5, { ptr, ptr } %38)
-  %40 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %39)
+  %33 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64 4)
+  %34 = getelementptr inbounds %main.generator, ptr %33, i32 0, i32 0
+  store i32 1, ptr %34, align 4
+  %35 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocU"(i64 8)
+  %36 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr }, ptr %35, i32 0, i32 0
+  store ptr %33, ptr %36, align 8
+  %37 = alloca { ptr, ptr }, align 8
+  %38 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %37, i32 0, i32 0
+  store ptr @"main.next$bound", ptr %38, align 8
+  %39 = getelementptr inbounds { ptr, ptr }, ptr %37, i32 0, i32 1
+  store ptr %35, ptr %39, align 8
+  %40 = load { ptr, ptr }, ptr %37, align 8
+  %41 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @main.genInts(i64 5, { ptr, ptr } %40)
+  %42 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %41, 1
   br label %_llgo_7
 
 _llgo_7:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_8, %_llgo_6
-  %41 = phi i64 [ -1, %_llgo_6 ], [ %42, %_llgo_8 ]
-  %42 = add i64 %41, 1
-  %43 = icmp slt i64 %42, %40
-  br i1 %43, label %_llgo_8, label %_llgo_9
+  %43 = phi i64 [ -1, %_llgo_6 ], [ %44, %_llgo_8 ]
+  %44 = add i64 %43, 1
+  %45 = icmp slt i64 %44, %42
+  br i1 %45, label %_llgo_8, label %_llgo_9
 
 _llgo_8:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_7
-  %44 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %39)
-  %45 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %44, i64 %42
-  %46 = load i32, ptr %45, align 4
-  %47 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @2, i32 %46)
+  %46 = icmp slt i64 %44, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %46)
+  %47 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %41, 0
+  %48 = getelementptr inbounds i32, ptr %47, i64 %44
+  %49 = load i32, ptr %48, align 4
+  %50 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @2, i32 %49)
   br label %_llgo_7
 
 _llgo_9:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_7
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AllocZ"(i64)
 
 declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice"(ptr, i64, i64)
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
-
-declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
 

cl/_testrt/linkname/out.ll

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/cl/internal/linktarget.F"(ptr @0, ptr @1, ptr @2, ptr @3)
   call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/cl/internal/linktarget.F"(ptr @4, ptr @5, ptr @6, ptr @7)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/cl/internal/linktarget.F"(ptr, ptr, ptr, ptr)

cl/_testrt/map/out.ll

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.MakeSmallMap"()
   %3 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, <null operand!>)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/mask/in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package main
+
+func main() {
+	println(mask(1))
+	println(mask_shl(127, 5))
+	println(mask_shl8(127, 5))
+	println(mask_shl8u(127, 5))
+	println(mask_shl8(127, 16))
+	println(mask_shl8u(127, 16))
+	println(mask_shr(127, 5))
+	println(mask_shr8(127, 5))
+	println(mask_shr8u(127, 5))
+	println(mask_shr8(127, 16))
+}
+
+func mask(x int8) int32 {
+	return int32(x) << 31 >> 31
+}
+
+func mask_shl8(x int8, y int) int8 {
+	return x << y
+}
+
+func mask_shl8u(x uint8, y int) uint8 {
+	return x << y
+}
+
+func mask_shl(x int, y int) int {
+	return x << y
+}
+
+func mask_shr8(x int8, y int) int8 {
+	return x >> y
+}
+
+func mask_shr8u(x uint8, y int) uint8 {
+	return x >> y
+}
+
+func mask_shr(x int, y int) int {
+	return x >> y
+}

cl/_testrt/mask/out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+; ModuleID = 'main'
+source_filename = "main"
+
+%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" = type { ptr, i64 }
+
+@"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argc = global ptr null
+@__llgo_argv = global ptr null
+@0 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@1 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@2 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@3 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@4 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@5 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@6 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@7 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@8 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+@9 = private unnamed_addr constant [2 x i8] c"\0A\00", align 1
+
+define void @main.init() {
+_llgo_0:
+  %0 = load i1, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br i1 %0, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_1
+
+_llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_0
+  store i1 true, ptr @"main.init$guard", align 1
+  br label %_llgo_2
+
+_llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
+  store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+  call void @main.init()
+  %2 = call i32 @main.mask(i8 1)
+  %3 = sext i32 %2 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %3)
+  %4 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @0, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %4)
+  %5 = call i64 @main.mask_shl(i64 127, i64 5)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %5)
+  %6 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @1, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %6)
+  %7 = call i8 @main.mask_shl8(i8 127, i64 5)
+  %8 = sext i8 %7 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %8)
+  %9 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @2, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %9)
+  %10 = call i8 @main.mask_shl8u(i8 127, i64 5)
+  %11 = zext i8 %10 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64 %11)
+  %12 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @3, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %12)
+  %13 = call i8 @main.mask_shl8(i8 127, i64 16)
+  %14 = sext i8 %13 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %14)
+  %15 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @4, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %15)
+  %16 = call i8 @main.mask_shl8u(i8 127, i64 16)
+  %17 = zext i8 %16 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64 %17)
+  %18 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @5, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %18)
+  %19 = call i64 @main.mask_shr(i64 127, i64 5)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %19)
+  %20 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @6, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %20)
+  %21 = call i8 @main.mask_shr8(i8 127, i64 5)
+  %22 = sext i8 %21 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %22)
+  %23 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @7, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %23)
+  %24 = call i8 @main.mask_shr8u(i8 127, i64 5)
+  %25 = zext i8 %24 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64 %25)
+  %26 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @8, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %26)
+  %27 = call i8 @main.mask_shr8(i8 127, i64 16)
+  %28 = sext i8 %27 to i64
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64 %28)
+  %29 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr @9, i64 1)
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" %29)
+  ret i32 0
+}
+
+define i32 @main.mask(i8 %0) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %1 = sext i8 %0 to i32
+  %2 = shl i32 %1, 31
+  %3 = select i1 false, i32 0, i32 %2
+  %4 = ashr i32 %3, 31
+  ret i32 %4
+}
+
+define i64 @main.mask_shl(i64 %0, i64 %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %2 = icmp slt i64 %1, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1 %2)
+  %3 = icmp uge i64 %1, 64
+  %4 = shl i64 %0, %1
+  %5 = select i1 %3, i64 0, i64 %4
+  ret i64 %5
+}
+
+define i8 @main.mask_shl8(i8 %0, i64 %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %2 = icmp slt i64 %1, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1 %2)
+  %3 = trunc i64 %1 to i8
+  %4 = icmp uge i8 %3, 8
+  %5 = shl i8 %0, %3
+  %6 = select i1 %4, i8 0, i8 %5
+  ret i8 %6
+}
+
+define i8 @main.mask_shl8u(i8 %0, i64 %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %2 = icmp slt i64 %1, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1 %2)
+  %3 = trunc i64 %1 to i8
+  %4 = icmp uge i8 %3, 8
+  %5 = shl i8 %0, %3
+  %6 = select i1 %4, i8 0, i8 %5
+  ret i8 %6
+}
+
+define i64 @main.mask_shr(i64 %0, i64 %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %2 = icmp slt i64 %1, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1 %2)
+  %3 = icmp uge i64 %1, 64
+  %4 = select i1 %3, i64 63, i64 %1
+  %5 = ashr i64 %0, %4
+  ret i64 %5
+}
+
+define i8 @main.mask_shr8(i8 %0, i64 %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %2 = icmp slt i64 %1, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1 %2)
+  %3 = trunc i64 %1 to i8
+  %4 = icmp uge i8 %3, 8
+  %5 = select i1 %4, i8 7, i8 %3
+  %6 = ashr i8 %0, %5
+  ret i8 %6
+}
+
+define i8 @main.mask_shr8u(i8 %0, i64 %1) {
+_llgo_0:
+  %2 = icmp slt i64 %1, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1 %2)
+  %3 = trunc i64 %1 to i8
+  %4 = icmp uge i8 %3, 8
+  %5 = lshr i8 %0, %3
+  %6 = select i1 %4, i8 0, i8 %5
+  ret i8 %6
+}
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintInt"(i64)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintString"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String")
+
+declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.String" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewString"(ptr, i64)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.PrintUint"(i64)
+
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertNegativeShift"(i1)

cl/_testrt/named/out.ll

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %77 = extractvalue { ptr, ptr } %75, 0
   %78 = call i64 %77(ptr %76, i64 -3)
   %79 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %46, i64 %53, i64 %57, i64 %63, i64 %69, i64 %78)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/panic/out.ll

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8

cl/_testrt/qsort/out.ll

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -48,13 +48,15 @@ _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
   br i1 %12, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %13 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %2, i64 %11
-  %14 = load i64, ptr %13, align 4
-  %15 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %14)
+  %13 = icmp slt i64 %11, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %13)
+  %14 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %2, i64 %11
+  %15 = load i64, ptr %14, align 4
+  %16 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %15)
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()
@@ -72,4 +74,6 @@ _llgo_0:
   ret i32 %5
 }
 
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)
+
 declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)

cl/_testrt/result/out.ll

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   %17 = extractvalue { ptr, ptr } %15, 0
   %18 = call i64 %17(ptr %16, i64 100, i64 200)
   %19 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @2, i64 %18, i64 %14)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 define i64 @"main.add$1"(i64 %0, i64 %1) {

cl/_testrt/strlen/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   %2 = call i32 @strlen(ptr @main.format)
   call void (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @main.format, i32 %2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/_testrt/struct/out.ll

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ source_filename = "main"
 
 %main.Foo = type { i32, i1 }
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   store i1 true, ptr %5, align 1
   %6 = load %main.Foo, ptr %3, align 4
   call void @"(main.Foo).Print"(%main.Foo %6)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Zeroinit"(ptr, i64)

cl/_testrt/sum/out.ll

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -39,26 +39,28 @@ _llgo_0:
   %7 = call %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.NewSlice3"(ptr %2, i64 8, i64 4, i64 0, i64 4, i64 4)
   %8 = call i64 @main.sum(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %7)
   %9 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0, i64 %8)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 define i64 @main.sum(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0) {
 _llgo_0:
-  %1 = call i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
+  %1 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 1
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_1:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_2, %_llgo_0
-  %2 = phi i64 [ 0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %9, %_llgo_2 ]
+  %2 = phi i64 [ 0, %_llgo_0 ], [ %10, %_llgo_2 ]
   %3 = phi i64 [ -1, %_llgo_0 ], [ %4, %_llgo_2 ]
   %4 = add i64 %3, 1
   %5 = icmp slt i64 %4, %1
   br i1 %5, label %_llgo_2, label %_llgo_3
 
 _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
-  %6 = call ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0)
-  %7 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %6, i64 %4
-  %8 = load i64, ptr %7, align 4
-  %9 = add i64 %2, %8
+  %6 = icmp slt i64 %4, 0
+  call void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1 %6)
+  %7 = extractvalue %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" %0, 0
+  %8 = getelementptr inbounds i64, ptr %7, i64 %4
+  %9 = load i64, ptr %8, align 4
+  %10 = add i64 %2, %9
   br label %_llgo_1
 
 _llgo_3:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1
@@ -73,6 +75,4 @@ declare %"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice" @"github.com/goplus/llg
 
 declare i32 @printf(ptr, ...)
 
-declare i64 @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceLen"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
-
-declare ptr @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.SliceData"(%"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.Slice")
+declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.AssertIndexRange"(i1)

cl/_testrt/typalias/out.ll

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ; ModuleID = 'main'
 source_filename = "main"
 
-@main.format = global ptr null
+@main.format = global [10 x i8] undef
 @"main.init$guard" = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argc = global ptr null
 @__llgo_argv = global ptr null
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   store i32 100, ptr %3, align 4
   store i1 true, ptr %4, align 1
   call void @main.Print(ptr %2)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @printf(ptr, ...)

cl/_testrt/unreachable/out.ll

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ _llgo_2:                                          ; preds = %_llgo_1, %_llgo_0
   ret void
 }
 
-define void @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
+define i32 @main(i32 %0, ptr %1) {
 _llgo_0:
   store i32 %0, ptr @__llgo_argc, align 4
   store ptr %1, ptr @__llgo_argv, align 8
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ _llgo_0:
   call void @main.init()
   call void @main.foo()
   %2 = call i32 (ptr, ...) @printf(ptr @0)
-  ret void
+  ret i32 0
 }
 
 declare void @"github.com/goplus/llgo/internal/runtime.init"()

cl/builtin_test.go

@@ -226,5 +226,5 @@ func TestErrVarOf(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	ssaPkg := &ssa.Package{Pkg: pkgTypes}
 	g := &ssa.Global{Pkg: ssaPkg}
-	ctx.varOf(g)
+	ctx.varOf(nil, g)
 }

cl/compile.go

@@ -152,6 +152,10 @@ type context struct {
 	phis   []func()
 }
 
+func (p *context) inMain(instr ssa.Instruction) bool {
+	return instr.Parent().Name() == "main"
+}
+
 func (p *context) compileType(pkg llssa.Package, t *ssa.Type) {
 	tn := t.Object().(*types.TypeName)
 	if tn.IsAlias() { // don't need to compile alias type
@@ -176,7 +180,7 @@ func (p *context) compileMethods(pkg llssa.Package, typ types.Type) {
 	for i, n := 0, mthds.Len(); i < n; i++ {
 		mthd := mthds.At(i)
 		if ssaMthd := prog.MethodValue(mthd); ssaMthd != nil {
-			p.compileFuncDecl(pkg, ssaMthd, false)
+			p.compileFuncDecl(pkg, ssaMthd)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -185,7 +189,7 @@ func (p *context) compileMethods(pkg llssa.Package, typ types.Type) {
 func (p *context) compileGlobal(pkg llssa.Package, gbl *ssa.Global) {
 	typ := gbl.Type()
 	name, vtype := p.varName(gbl.Pkg.Pkg, gbl)
-	if ignoreName(name) || checkCgo(gbl.Name()) {
+	if vtype == pyVar || ignoreName(name) || checkCgo(gbl.Name()) {
 		return
 	}
 	if debugInstr {
@@ -211,14 +215,16 @@ var (
 	argvTy = types.NewPointer(types.NewPointer(types.Typ[types.Int8]))
 )
 
-func (p *context) compileFuncDecl(pkg llssa.Package, f *ssa.Function, call bool) (llssa.Function, llssa.PyObjRef, int) {
+func (p *context) compileFuncDecl(pkg llssa.Package, f *ssa.Function) (llssa.Function, llssa.PyObjRef, int) {
 	pkgTypes, name, ftype := p.funcName(f, true)
 	if ftype != goFunc {
+		/*
 			if ftype == pyFunc {
 				// TODO(xsw): pyMod == ""
 				fnName := pysymPrefix + p.pyMod + "." + name
 				return nil, pkg.NewPyFunc(fnName, f.Signature, call), pyFunc
 			}
+		*/
 		return nil, nil, ignoredFunc
 	}
 	fn := pkg.FuncOf(name)
@@ -236,7 +242,7 @@ func (p *context) compileFuncDecl(pkg llssa.Package, f *ssa.Function, call bool)
 		sig = llssa.FuncAddCtx(ctx, sig)
 	} else {
 		if debugInstr {
-			log.Println("==> NewFunc", name, "type:", sig.Recv(), sig)
+			log.Println("==> NewFunc", name, "type:", sig.Recv(), sig, "ftype:", ftype)
 		}
 	}
 	if fn == nil {
@@ -244,10 +250,13 @@ func (p *context) compileFuncDecl(pkg llssa.Package, f *ssa.Function, call bool)
 			argc := types.NewParam(token.NoPos, pkgTypes, "", types.Typ[types.Int32])
 			argv := types.NewParam(token.NoPos, pkgTypes, "", argvTy)
 			params := types.NewTuple(argc, argv)
-			sig = types.NewSignatureType(nil, nil, nil, params, nil, false)
+			ret := types.NewParam(token.NoPos, pkgTypes, "", p.prog.CInt().RawType())
+			results := types.NewTuple(ret)
+			sig = types.NewSignatureType(nil, nil, nil, params, results, false)
 		}
 		fn = pkg.NewFuncEx(name, sig, llssa.Background(ftype), hasCtx)
 	}
+
 	if nblk := len(f.Blocks); nblk > 0 {
 		fn.MakeBlocks(nblk) // to set fn.HasBody() = true
 		p.inits = append(p.inits, func() {
@@ -291,7 +300,7 @@ func (p *context) funcOf(fn *ssa.Function) (aFn llssa.Function, pyFn llssa.PyObj
 			pkg := p.pkg
 			fnName := pysymPrefix + mod + "." + name
 			if pyFn = pkg.PyObjOf(fnName); pyFn == nil {
-				pyFn = pkg.NewPyFunc(fnName, fn.Signature, true)
+				pyFn = pkg.PyNewFunc(fnName, fn.Signature, true)
 				return
 			}
 		}
@@ -310,6 +319,8 @@ func (p *context) funcOf(fn *ssa.Function) (aFn llssa.Function, pyFn llssa.PyObj
 			ftype = llgoAllocaCStr
 		case "stringData":
 			ftype = llgoStringData
+		case "pyList":
+			ftype = llgoPyList
 		case "unreachable":
 			ftype = llgoUnreachable
 		default:
@@ -367,7 +378,7 @@ func (p *context) compileBlock(b llssa.Builder, block *ssa.BasicBlock, n int, do
 					b.SetBlockEx(ret, llssa.AfterInit)
 					for _, modName := range modNames {
 						objs := mods[modName]
-						b.LoadPyModSyms(modName, objs...)
+						b.PyLoadModSyms(modName, objs...)
 					}
 				}
 			})
@@ -391,13 +402,13 @@ func (p *context) compileBlock(b llssa.Builder, block *ssa.BasicBlock, n int, do
 		jumpTo := p.jumpTo(jump)
 		modPath := p.pyMod
 		modName := pysymPrefix + modPath
-		modPtr := pkg.NewPyModVar(modName, true).Expr
+		modPtr := pkg.PyNewModVar(modName, true).Expr
 		mod := b.Load(modPtr)
 		cond := b.BinOp(token.NEQ, mod, prog.Null(mod.Type))
 		newBlk := p.fn.MakeBlock()
 		b.If(cond, jumpTo, newBlk)
 		b.SetBlock(newBlk)
-		b.Store(modPtr, b.ImportPyMod(modPath))
+		b.Store(modPtr, b.PyImportMod(modPath))
 		b.Jump(jumpTo)
 	}
 	return ret
@@ -600,6 +611,9 @@ func (p *context) compileInstrOrValue(b llssa.Builder, iv instrOrValue, asValue
 			case pyFunc:
 				args := p.compileValues(b, args, kind)
 				ret = b.Call(pyFn.Expr, args...)
+			case llgoPyList:
+				args := p.compileValues(b, args, fnHasVArg)
+				ret = b.PyList(args...)
 			case llgoCstr:
 				ret = cstr(b, args)
 			case llgoAdvance:
@@ -772,6 +786,10 @@ func (p *context) compileInstr(b llssa.Builder, instr ssa.Instruction) {
 				results[i] = p.compileValue(b, r)
 			}
 		}
+		if p.inMain(instr) {
+			results = make([]llssa.Expr, 1)
+			results[0] = p.prog.IntVal(0, p.prog.CInt())
+		}
 		b.Return(results...)
 	case *ssa.If:
 		fn := p.fn
@@ -797,7 +815,7 @@ func (p *context) compileFunction(v *ssa.Function) (goFn llssa.Function, pyFn ll
 	// v.Pkg == nil: means auto generated function?
 	if v.Pkg == p.goPkg || v.Pkg == nil {
 		// function in this package
-		goFn, pyFn, kind = p.compileFuncDecl(p.pkg, v, true)
+		goFn, pyFn, kind = p.compileFuncDecl(p.pkg, v)
 		if kind != ignoredFunc {
 			return
 		}
@@ -824,8 +842,7 @@ func (p *context) compileValue(b llssa.Builder, v ssa.Value) llssa.Expr {
 		}
 		return pyFn.Expr
 	case *ssa.Global:
-		g := p.varOf(v)
-		return g.Expr
+		return p.varOf(b, v)
 	case *ssa.Const:
 		t := types.Default(v.Type())
 		return b.Const(v.Value, p.prog.Type(t, llssa.InGo))
@@ -916,7 +933,7 @@ func NewPackage(prog llssa.Program, pkg *ssa.Package, files []*ast.File) (ret ll
 				// Do not try to build generic (non-instantiated) functions.
 				continue
 			}
-			ctx.compileFuncDecl(ret, member, false)
+			ctx.compileFuncDecl(ret, member)
 		case *ssa.Type:
 			ctx.compileType(ret, member)
 		case *ssa.Global:

cl/compile_test.go

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func TestFromTestdata(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestSqlite(t *testing.T) {
-	cltest.Pkg(t, "github.com/goplus/llgo/x/sqlite", "../x/sqlite/sqlite.ll")
+	cltest.Pkg(t, "github.com/goplus/llgo/c/sqlite", "../c/sqlite/llgo_autogen.ll")
 }
 
 func TestFromTestpymath(t *testing.T) {

cl/import.go

@@ -318,6 +318,7 @@ const (
 	llgoAdvance     = llgoInstrBase + 4
 	llgoIndex       = llgoInstrBase + 5
 	llgoStringData  = llgoInstrBase + 6
+	llgoPyList      = llgoInstrBase + 7
 )
 
 func (p *context) funcName(fn *ssa.Function, ignore bool) (*types.Package, string, int) {
@@ -358,24 +359,35 @@ const (
 	ignoredVar = iota
 	goVar      = int(llssa.InGo)
 	cVar       = int(llssa.InC)
+	pyVar      = int(llssa.InPython)
 )
 
 func (p *context) varName(pkg *types.Package, v *ssa.Global) (vName string, vtype int) {
 	name := llssa.FullName(pkg, v.Name())
 	if v, ok := p.link[name]; ok {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(v, "py.") {
+			return v[3:], pyVar
+		}
 		return v, cVar
 	}
 	return name, goVar
 }
 
-func (p *context) varOf(v *ssa.Global) (ret llssa.Global) {
+func (p *context) varOf(b llssa.Builder, v *ssa.Global) llssa.Expr {
 	pkgTypes := p.ensureLoaded(v.Pkg.Pkg)
 	pkg := p.pkg
 	name, vtype := p.varName(pkgTypes, v)
-	if ret = pkg.VarOf(name); ret == nil {
+	if vtype == pyVar {
+		if kind, mod := pkgKindByScope(pkgTypes.Scope()); kind == PkgPyModule {
+			return b.PyNewVar(pysymPrefix+mod, name).Expr
+		}
+		panic("unreachable")
+	}
+	ret := pkg.VarOf(name)
+	if ret == nil {
 		ret = pkg.NewVar(name, v.Type(), llssa.Background(vtype))
 	}
-	return
+	return ret.Expr
 }
 
 func (p *context) ensureLoaded(pkgTypes *types.Package) *types.Package {

internal/build/build.go

@@ -200,19 +200,21 @@ func buildAllPkgs(prog llssa.Program, initial []*packages.Package, mode Mode, ve
 			if isPkgInLLGo(pkgPath) {
 				pkg.ExportFile = concatPkgLinkFiles(pkgPath)
 			} else {
-				panic("todo")
+				// panic("todo")
+				// TODO(xsw): support packages out of llgo
+				pkg.ExportFile = ""
 			}
 			if kind == cl.PkgLinkExtern { // need to be linked with external library
 				linkFile := os.ExpandEnv(strings.TrimSpace(param))
 				dir, lib := filepath.Split(linkFile)
 				command := " -l " + lib
 				if dir != "" {
-					command += " -L " + dir
+					command += " -L " + dir[:len(dir)-1]
 				}
-				if isMultiLinkFiles(pkg.ExportFile) {
-					pkg.ExportFile = command + pkg.ExportFile
-				} else {
+				if isSingleLinkFile(pkg.ExportFile) {
 					pkg.ExportFile = command + " " + pkg.ExportFile
+				} else {
+					pkg.ExportFile = command + pkg.ExportFile
 				}
 			}
 		default:
@@ -369,6 +371,7 @@ var (
 		"-x":         false, // -x: print the commands
 		"-tags":      true,  // -tags 'tag,list': a space-separated list of build tags to consider satisfied during the build
 		"-pkgdir":    true,  // -pkgdir dir: install and load all packages from dir instead of the usual locations
+		"-ldflags":   true,  // --ldflags 'flag list': arguments to pass on each go tool link invocation
 	}
 )
 
@@ -401,7 +404,11 @@ func SkipFlagArgs(args []string) int {
 }
 
 func checkFlag(arg string, i *int, verbose *bool, swflags map[string]bool) {
-	if hasarg, ok := swflags[arg]; ok {
+	if pos := strings.IndexByte(arg, '='); pos > 0 {
+		if verbose != nil && arg == "-v=true" {
+			*verbose = true
+		}
+	} else if hasarg, ok := swflags[arg]; ok {
 		if hasarg {
 			*i++
 		} else if verbose != nil && arg == "-v" {
@@ -454,14 +461,14 @@ func llgoRoot() string {
 }
 
 func appendLinkFiles(args []string, file string) []string {
-	if isMultiLinkFiles(file) {
-		return append(args, strings.Split(file[1:], " ")...)
-	}
+	if isSingleLinkFile(file) {
 		return append(args, file)
 	}
+	return append(args, strings.Split(file[1:], " ")...)
+}
 
-func isMultiLinkFiles(ret string) bool {
-	return len(ret) > 0 && ret[0] == ' '
+func isSingleLinkFile(ret string) bool {
+	return len(ret) > 0 && ret[0] != ' '
 }
 
 func concatPkgLinkFiles(pkgPath string) string {

internal/llgen/llgenf.go

@@ -103,8 +103,6 @@ func SmartDoFile(inFile string, pkgPath ...string) {
 	fname := autgenFile
 	if inCompilerDir(absDir) {
 		fname = "out.ll"
-	} else if inSqlite(absDir) {
-		fname = "sqlite.ll"
 	}
 	outFile := dir + fname
 
@@ -129,7 +127,3 @@ func genZip(dir string, outFile, inFile string) {
 func inCompilerDir(dir string) bool {
 	return strings.Contains(dir, "/llgo/cl/")
 }
-
-func inSqlite(dir string) bool {
-	return strings.HasSuffix(dir, "/llgo/x/sqlite")
-}

internal/runtime/error.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package runtime
+
+type errorString string
+
+func (e errorString) RuntimeError() {}
+
+func (e errorString) Error() string {
+	return "runtime error: " + string(e)
+}
+
+func AssertRuntimeError(b bool, msg string) {
+	if b {
+		panic(errorString(msg).Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func AssertNegativeShift(b bool) {
+	if b {
+		panic(errorString("negative shift amount").Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func AssertIndexRange(b bool) {
+	if b {
+		panic(errorString("index out of range").Error())
+	}
+}

internal/runtime/print.go

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package runtime
+
+import (
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+)
+
+// The compiler knows that a print of a value of this type
+// should use printhex instead of printuint (decimal).
+func bytes(s string) (ret []byte) {
+	rp := (*Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&ret))
+	sp := (*String)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
+	rp.data = sp.data
+	rp.len = sp.len
+	rp.cap = sp.len
+	return
+}
+
+func gwrite(b []byte) {
+	if len(b) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, v := range b {
+		c.Fprintf(c.Stderr, c.Str("%c"), v)
+	}
+}
+
+func PrintBool(v bool) {
+	if v {
+		PrintString("true")
+	} else {
+		PrintString("false")
+	}
+}
+
+func PrintFloat(v float64) {
+	switch {
+	case v != v:
+		PrintString("NaN")
+		return
+	case v+v == v && v > 0:
+		PrintString("+Inf")
+		return
+	case v+v == v && v < 0:
+		PrintString("-Inf")
+		return
+	}
+
+	const n = 7 // digits printed
+	var buf [n + 7]byte
+	buf[0] = '+'
+	e := 0 // exp
+	if v == 0 {
+		if 1/v < 0 {
+			buf[0] = '-'
+		}
+	} else {
+		if v < 0 {
+			v = -v
+			buf[0] = '-'
+		}
+
+		// normalize
+		for v >= 10 {
+			e++
+			v /= 10
+		}
+		for v < 1 {
+			e--
+			v *= 10
+		}
+
+		// round
+		h := 5.0
+		for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+			h /= 10
+		}
+		v += h
+		if v >= 10 {
+			e++
+			v /= 10
+		}
+	}
+
+	// format +d.dddd+edd
+	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
+		s := int(v)
+		buf[i+2] = byte(s + '0')
+		v -= float64(s)
+		v *= 10
+	}
+	buf[1] = buf[2]
+	buf[2] = '.'
+
+	buf[n+2] = 'e'
+	buf[n+3] = '+'
+	if e < 0 {
+		e = -e
+		buf[n+3] = '-'
+	}
+
+	buf[n+4] = byte(e/100) + '0'
+	buf[n+5] = byte(e/10)%10 + '0'
+	buf[n+6] = byte(e%10) + '0'
+	gwrite(buf[:])
+}
+
+// func PrintComplex(c complex128) {
+// 	print("(", real(c), imag(c), "i)")
+// }
+
+func PrintUint(v uint64) {
+	var buf [100]byte
+	i := len(buf)
+	for i--; i > 0; i-- {
+		buf[i] = byte(v%10 + '0')
+		if v < 10 {
+			break
+		}
+		v /= 10
+	}
+	gwrite(buf[i:])
+}
+
+func PrintInt(v int64) {
+	if v < 0 {
+		PrintString("-")
+		v = -v
+	}
+	PrintUint(uint64(v))
+}
+
+func PrintHex(v uint64) {
+	const dig = "0123456789abcdef"
+	var buf [100]byte
+	i := len(buf)
+	for i--; i > 0; i-- {
+		buf[i] = dig[v%16]
+		if v < 16 && len(buf)-i >= 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		v /= 16
+	}
+	i--
+	buf[i] = 'x'
+	i--
+	buf[i] = '0'
+	gwrite(buf[i:])
+}
+
+func PrintPointer(p unsafe.Pointer) {
+	PrintHex(uint64(uintptr(p)))
+}
+
+func PrintString(s string) {
+	gwrite(bytes(s))
+}
+
+func PrintSlice(s Slice) {
+	sp := (*Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
+	print("[", s.len, "/", s.cap, "]")
+	PrintPointer(sp.data)
+}
+
+func PrintIface(i iface) {
+	print("(", i.tab, ",", i.data, ")")
+}

internal/runtime/slice.go

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package runtime
+
+// nextslicecap computes the next appropriate slice length.
+func nextslicecap(newLen, oldCap int) int {
+	newcap := oldCap
+	doublecap := newcap + newcap
+	if newLen > doublecap {
+		return newLen
+	}
+
+	const threshold = 256
+	if oldCap < threshold {
+		return doublecap
+	}
+	for {
+		// Transition from growing 2x for small slices
+		// to growing 1.25x for large slices. This formula
+		// gives a smooth-ish transition between the two.
+		newcap += (newcap + 3*threshold) >> 2
+
+		// We need to check `newcap >= newLen` and whether `newcap` overflowed.
+		// newLen is guaranteed to be larger than zero, hence
+		// when newcap overflows then `uint(newcap) > uint(newLen)`.
+		// This allows to check for both with the same comparison.
+		if uint(newcap) >= uint(newLen) {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Set newcap to the requested cap when
+	// the newcap calculation overflowed.
+	if newcap <= 0 {
+		return newLen
+	}
+	return newcap
+}

internal/runtime/z_slice.go

@@ -70,4 +70,25 @@ func SliceData(s Slice) unsafe.Pointer {
 	return s.data
 }
 
+// SliceAppend append elem data and returns a slice.
+func SliceAppend(src Slice, data unsafe.Pointer, num, etSize int) Slice {
+	if etSize == 0 {
+		return src
+	}
+	oldLen := src.len
+	newLen := src.len + num
+	if newLen > src.cap {
+		newCap := nextslicecap(newLen, src.cap)
+		p := AllocZ(uintptr(newCap * etSize))
+		if oldLen != 0 {
+			c.Memcpy(p, src.data, uintptr(oldLen*etSize))
+		}
+		src.data = p
+		src.cap = newCap
+	}
+	src.len = newLen
+	c.Memcpy(c.Advance(src.data, oldLen*etSize), data, uintptr(num*etSize))
+	return src
+}
+
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

py/_pyg/llpyg/llpyg.c

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+typedef struct PyObject PyObject;
+
+void Py_Initialize();
+
+PyObject* PyImport_ImportModule(const char* modName);
+PyObject* PyModule_GetDict(PyObject* mod);
+PyObject* PyObject_Str(PyObject* obj);
+PyObject* PyDict_Keys(PyObject* dict);
+PyObject* PyList_GetItem(PyObject* list, size_t index);
+PyObject* PyTuple_GetItem(PyObject* tuple, size_t index);
+PyObject* PyObject_GetAttr(PyObject* mod, PyObject* attrName);
+PyObject* PyObject_GetAttrString(PyObject* mod, const char* attrName);
+PyObject* PyObject_CallOneArg(PyObject* fn, PyObject* arg);
+
+const char* PyUnicode_AsUTF8(PyObject* str);
+
+size_t PyList_Size(PyObject* list);
+
+int PyCallable_Check(PyObject*);
+
+int main() {
+    Py_Initialize();
+    PyObject* inspect = PyImport_ImportModule("inspect");
+    PyObject* signature = PyObject_GetAttrString(inspect, "signature");
+	PyObject* mod = PyImport_ImportModule("numpy");
+	PyObject* dict = PyModule_GetDict(mod);
+	PyObject* keys = PyDict_Keys(dict);
+    size_t i, n;
+    n = PyList_Size(keys);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		PyObject* key = PyList_GetItem(keys, i);
+        PyObject* val = PyObject_GetAttr(mod, key);
+		if (PyCallable_Check(val) != 0) {
+			PyObject* doc = PyObject_GetAttrString(val, "__doc__");
+			PyObject* sig = PyObject_CallOneArg(signature, val);
+			printf("-----------------------------------\n");
+			printf("sig: %p\n", sig);
+			printf("%s: %s\n", PyUnicode_AsUTF8(key), PyUnicode_AsUTF8(PyObject_Str(sig)));
+			printf("%s\n", PyUnicode_AsUTF8(key));
+			if (doc != NULL) {
+				printf("%s\n", PyUnicode_AsUTF8(doc));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+    return 0;
+}

py/_pyg/module.c

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
 
 // example:
 // llgoLoadPyModSyms(mod, "name1", &func1, "name2", &func2, NULL)
@@ -23,3 +24,30 @@ void llgoLoadPyModSyms(PyObject* mod, ...) {
     }
     va_end(ap);
 }
+
+/*
+wchar_t* toWcs(const char* str) {
+    size_t len = mbstowcs(NULL, str, 0);
+    wchar_t* wstr = (wchar_t*)malloc((len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+    mbstowcs(wstr, str, len + 1);
+    return wstr;
+}
+
+char* toMbs(const wchar_t* str) {
+    size_t len = wcstombs(NULL, str, 0);
+    char* mstr = (char*)malloc(len + 1);
+    wcstombs(mstr, str, len + 1);
+    return mstr;
+}
+
+wchar_t *Py_GetPath();
+
+void Py_SetPath(const wchar_t* path);
+void Py_Initialize();
+
+void llgoPyInitialize() {
+    setenv("PYTHONPATH", "/opt/homebrew/lib/python3.12/site-packages", 1);
+    Py_Initialize();
+    printf("sys.path = %s\n", toMbs(Py_GetPath()));
+}
+*/

py/arg.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package py
+
+import (
+	_ "unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/c"
+)
+
+// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/arg.html
+
+// Create a new value based on a format string similar to those accepted by the
+// PyArg_Parse* family of functions and a sequence of values. Returns the value or
+// nil in the case of an error; an exception will be raised if nil is returned.
+// See https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/arg.html#c.Py_BuildValue
+//
+//go:linkname BuildValue C.Py_BuildValue
+func BuildValue(format *c.Char, __llgo_va_list ...any) *Object

py/builtins/builtins.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 The GoPlus Authors (goplus.org). All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package builtins
+
+import (
+	_ "unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/goplus/llgo/py"
+)
+
+const (
+	LLGoPackage = "py.inspect"
+)
+
+// https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html
+// https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html
+
+// print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\n', file=None, flush=False)
+//
+// Print objects to the text stream file, separated by sep and followed by
+// end. sep, end, file, and flush, if present, must be given as keyword
+// arguments.
+//
+// All non-keyword arguments are converted to strings like str() does and
+// written to the stream, separated by sep and followed by end. Both sep
+// and end must be strings; they can also be None, which means to use the
+// default values. If no objects are given, print() will just write end.
+//
+//go:linkname Print py.print
+func Print(objects ...*py.Object)
+
+//go:linkname PrintEx py.print
+func PrintEx(__llgo_kwargs *py.Object, objects ...*py.Object)
+
+// Invoke the built-in help system. (This function is intended for interactive
+// use.) If no argument is given, the interactive help system starts on the
+// interpreter console. If the argument is a string, then the string is looked
+// up as the name of a module, function, class, method, keyword, or documentation
+// topic, and a help page is printed on the console. If the argument is any other
+// kind of object, a help page on the object is generated.
+//
+// Note that if a slash(/) appears in the parameter list of a function when invoking
+// help(), it means that the parameters prior to the slash are positional-only. For
+// more info, see the FAQ entry on positional-only parameters.
+//
+//go:linkname Help py.help
+func Help(object *py.Object)