nuclei-templates/cloud/gcp/vpc/gcloud-unrestricted-sqlserver-access.yaml

id: gcloud-unrestricted-sqlserver-access

info:
  name: Check for Unrestricted SQL Server Access
  author: princechaddha
  severity: critical
  description: |
    Ensure that Google Cloud VPC network firewall rules do not allow unrestricted access (0.0.0.0/0 on TCP port 1433). Restrict access to trusted IP addresses or ranges to implement the Principle of Least Privilege (POLP) and reduce the attack surface.
  impact: |
    Allowing unrestricted access to TCP port 1433 exposes your resources to potential brute-force or unauthorized access attacks on SQL Server.
  remediation: |
    Update your VPC firewall rules to allow SQL Server traffic only from trusted IP addresses or ranges.
  reference:
    - https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/firewalls
  tags: cloud,devops,gcp,gcloud,vpc,firewall,security,sqlserver,gcp-cloud-config

flow: |
  code(1)
  for(let projectId of iterate(template.projectIds)){
    set("projectId", projectId)
    code(2)
    for(let networkName of iterate(template.networks)){
      set("networkName", networkName)
      code(3)
      set("firewallRules", template.firewallRules)
      javascript(1)
    }
  }

self-contained: true

code:
  - engine:
      - sh
      - bash
    source: |
      gcloud projects list --format="json(projectId)"

    extractors:
      - type: json
        name: projectIds
        internal: true
        json:
          - '.[].projectId'

  - engine:
      - sh
      - bash
    source: |
      gcloud compute networks list --project $projectId --format="json(name)"

    extractors:
      - type: json
        name: networks
        internal: true
        json:
          - '.[].name'

  - engine:
      - sh
      - bash
    source: |
      gcloud compute firewall-rules list --filter network=$networkName --sort-by priority --format="json(name,disabled,direction,sourceRanges,allowed[].ports)"

    extractors:
      - type: json
        name: firewallRules
        internal: true
        json:
          - '.[]'

javascript:
  - code: |
      let firewallRules = template.firewallRules;
      if (typeof firewallRules === "string") {
          firewallRules = JSON.parse(firewallRules);
      }

      let unrestrictedSQLRules = [];
      for (let rule of firewallRules) {
          if (
              rule.disabled === false &&
              rule.direction === "INGRESS" &&
              Array.isArray(rule.sourceRanges) && rule.sourceRanges.includes("0.0.0.0/0") &&
              Array.isArray(rule.allowed) &&
              rule.allowed.some(allowed =>
                  Array.isArray(allowed.ports) &&
                  (allowed.ports.includes("1433"))
              )
          ) {
              unrestrictedSQLRules.push(rule.name);
          }
      }

      if (unrestrictedSQLRules.length > 0) {
          Export(`The firewall rules in network ${template.networkName} of project ${template.projectId} allow unrestricted SQL Server access: ${unrestrictedSQLRules.join(", ")}`);
      }

    extractors:
      - type: dsl
        dsl:
          - response
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